ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026
New-onset prediabetes/diabetes worsens overall survival in patients with cancer: A real-world retrospective cohort study.
Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with cancer are associated with reduced all-cause mortality and hospitalization.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Decoding the tumor-aging axis: from bench to clinical.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- New-onset diabetes as an emerging risk group for early detection of pancreatic cancer: current evidence, clinical challenge, and future directions.Frontiers in gastroenterology (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsCancer diagnosis may increase the risk of developing prediabetes/diabetes and subsequently worsen survival in cancer patients. However, it is unclear whether this association is influenced by the timing of hyperglycemia onset or the use of antihyperglycemic medications. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis study leveraged a retrospective cohort, constructed using electronic health record data, of solid tumour patients at the Huntsman Cancer Institute, a comprehensive cancer centre in Utah, USA. Adjusted Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate the association between new-onset prediabetes/diabetes and overall survival.
resultsOf the 7300 patients included, 23% developed prediabetes/diabetes after cancer diagnosis (mean time-to-onset = 2.6 years). Patients with new-onset prediabetes/diabetes had worse overall survival compared to patients without prediabetes/diabetes [HR (95% CI): 2.97 (2.48-3.55)]. Compared to patients without prediabetes/diabetes, patients who were not prescribed antihyperglycemic medications had poorer survival than those who were prescribed antihyperglycemic medications (n = 665) [HR (95% CI): 2.52 (2.17-2.93) and 1.70 (1.40-2.06), respectively]. Ever use of metformin was associated with better survival [HR (95% CI): 0.32 (0.15-0.66)] compared to individuals with prescriptions of other non-insulin antihyperglycemic medications, while ever use of insulin was associated with worse survival [HR (95% CI): 1.67 (1.16-2.42)], compared to individuals with prescription of non-insulin antihyperglycemic medications.
conclusionsImproving clinical practice guidelines for appropriate hyperglycemia monitoring and management, especially in the first 3 years after cancer diagnosis, may improve cancer survival. Early intervention with non-insulin antihyperglycemic medications for control of new-onset prediabetes/diabetes may be crucial in preventing the need for insulin prescription and worsening of survival.
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