Evidence mapPaperPMID 41288953Full record

ArticleHormones (Athens, Greece)2026

Involvement of C-peptide in the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus through triglyceride-centered lipid metabolism.

HuiFang Li, ZhaoMing Zhu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Hormones (Athens, Greece), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

HuiFang LiDepartment of Nephrology, Hebei Yiling Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, China. huifangli2612@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-9908-2569
ZhaoMing ZhuDepartment of Nephrology, Hebei Yiling Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050091, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeFasting C-peptide (FCP), which is co-secreted with insulin, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications as both deficient and excessive secretion are associated with adverse outcomes. This study aimed to determine the relationship between FCP levels and lipid metabolism disorders-particularly those reflected by triglyceride (TG) levels-and related clinical indicators.

methodA total of 607 patients (median age 63 years) were included and categorized into four groups according to their FCP levels. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships between FCP and other clinical variables. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive performance of TG, uric acid (UA), and fasting blood glucose levels for elevated FCP. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors influencing FCP levels.

resultsThe prevalence of diabetic kidney disease was 42.36%. TG levels, TG-glucose index (TyG), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) varied significantly among the four groups (P < 0.01). FCP showed significant correlations with TG, TyG, AIP, UA, and creatinine (all P < 0.001). Stratified analysis indicated that each unit increase in TG or UA was associated with a significant rise in FCP (both P < 0.001). Moreover, TG level was identified as an independent risk factor for elevated FCP (P = 0.013).

conclusionIn patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), FCP levels are closely associated with dysregulation of lipid metabolism, characterized by elevated TG levels that may promote target organ damage. These findings suggest that C-peptide supplementation may not be beneficial for delaying the progression of T2DM or its complications.

Indexed as

C-PeptideDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Lipid MetabolismTriglyceridesAdultAgedBlood GlucoseDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedBlood GlucoseC-PeptideTriglyceridesDisease progressionFasting C-peptideTriglyceridesType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41288953
PMCPMC13013344

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.