ArticleBiomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Duration-Dependent Caries Risk During Clear Aligner Therapy: A Retrospective Analysis.
Article in Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility of Cu-coated PETG for clear aligner applications.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundClear aligner therapy (CAT) represents a biomimetic orthodontic approach that uses flexible thermoplastic materials to reproduce the physiological tooth movement and mechanical load distribution of natural tissues. While these materials promote oral hygiene and aesthetic comfort, their long-term biological impact on the caries process remains uncertain. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate changes in the number of decayed teeth (ΔD) before and after clear aligner treatment and to identify duration-dependent risk factors.
methodsThis retrospective study included 362 patients (279 females, 83 males) treated with Invisalign
resultsThe mean number of decayed teeth increased slightly from 3.54 ± 2.76 to 3.83 ± 2.93 (
conclusionsClear aligner therapy demonstrated a statistically significant yet clinically small increase in caries incidence, primarily related to treatment duration. As a biomimetic orthodontic approach that integrates mechanical and biological dynamics, extended clear aligner use may alter biofilm-surface interactions and salivary conditions over time. Therefore, preventive strategies-such as professional fluoride applications, strict cleaning protocols, and shorter recall intervals-should be emphasized for long-duration treatments to preserve the biological benefits of this biomimetic system.
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Registered trials
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