Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41294992›Full record

ArticleEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Information-Theoretic Medical Image Encryption via LLE-Verified Chaotic Keystreams and DNA Diffusion.

Ibrahim Al-Dayel, Muhammad Faisal Nadeem, Yasir Bashir, Ayesha Shabbir

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Entropy (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ibrahim Al-DayelDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11566, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-5901-2511
Muhammad Faisal NadeemDepartment of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-3175-7191
Yasir BashirDepartment of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Wah Campus, Wah Cantt 47040, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0001-8165-162X
Ayesha ShabbirDepartment of Physical Sciences, The University of Chenab, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We propose an information-theoretic encryption scheme consisting of a four-dimensional chaotic map driver in combination with a prediction model using an LSTM neural net to generate a keystream, which was limited only after passing a test based on the largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE). Our security analysis used a permutation phase to remove spatial redundancy, which was followed by an invertible DNA cross-diffusion procedure based on RGB channels. The removal of uncertainty and redundancy was measured using Shannon's entropy (7.99-8.00 bits per channel), pixel intercorrelation, and differential analysis (NPCR ≈ 99.6%, UACI ≈ 33.3%). In key space analysis (order ≈ 2

Indexed as

chaotic keystreamsDNA codinginformation securityLyapunov exponentmedical imagesNPCRpermutation–diffusionShannon’s entropyUACI

Identifiers

PMID41294992
PMCPMC12651349

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.