Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41299726›Full record

ArticleArchives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique2025

Examining the role of school food gardens, food waste systems and cooking facilities in experiential education: a cross-sectional survey of primary school teachers' practices.

Jessica V Kempler, Claire Margerison, Janandani Nanayakkara, Alison Booth

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jessica V KemplerInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia. j.kempler@deakin.edu.au.
Claire MargerisonInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
Janandani NanayakkaraInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
Alison BoothInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExperiential learning about food, nutrition and sustainability (FNS) at school promotes population health and environmental sustainability. Little is known about actual practices in school-based experiential FNS education, outside of time-limited interventions. This study aimed to address this gap by analysing current approaches to experiential FNS education at school, including the presence and use of school food gardens, food waste management systems and kitchens/cooking facilities.

methodsA cross-sectional survey of Australian primary school teachers (August 2022-October 2023) collected quantitative and qualitative data about (i) teacher perceptions about experiential FNS education; (ii) presence of food gardens, food waste management systems and kitchens/cooking facilities; and (iii) how school-based infrastructure is used for experiential FNS education. Statistical analyses including simple and adjusted logistic regression models were conducted using STATA. Content analysis was conducted using NVivo 15.

resultsParticipants were 413 Australian primary school teachers. Teachers agreed schools should have infrastructure such as food waste management systems (87.2%), cooking facilities (84.5%) and food gardens (82.3%) available for experiential FNS education. Most teachers reported their school had a food garden (76.0%), cooking facilities (58.6%) and a food waste management system (56.2%), though there was variability in the actual use of each type of infrastructure for experiential education. Food waste management systems were used most commonly for educational purposes. Each type of infrastructure was used to teach about a variety of topics related to nutrition, sustainability and cross-curricular learning. Teachers described a range of factors influencing their use of infrastructure for experiential FNS education , including access to adequate, fit-for-purpose and safe physical space; funding, time, staffing and workload; and leadership and prioritisation.

conclusionsConsolidating the use of food gardens, food waste management systems and kitchens/cooking facilities for experiential education in primary schools is an important next step for research, policy and practice. This includes addressing challenges regarding physical space, time and resourcing, and leadership support, to prioritise experiential FNS education in the school curriculum. Leveraging primary school-based infrastructure for educational purposes can support children to establish healthy and sustainable food practices, and promote the health of people and the planet now and into the future.

Indexed as

ChildrenEnvironmental sustainabilityExperiential learningFood educationFood literacyFood sustainabilityHealthy eatingNutritionPrimary schoolTeacher

Identifiers

PMID41299726
PMCPMC12659512

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.