Evidence mapPaperPMID 41299742Full record

ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2025

Association of exercise type and levels with depressive symptoms in a Korean population.

Jae Ho Park, Joong-Yeon Lim, Hyun-Young Park

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jae Ho ParkDivision of Population Health Research, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, 28160, Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8513-4734
Joong-Yeon LimDivision of Population Health Research, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, 28160, Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7213-2614
Hyun-Young ParkNational Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28159, Korea. mdhypark@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6698-7368

Funding

National Institute of Health 2024-NI-003-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study examined whether the relationship between exercise and depressive symptoms varied by exercise type. It also explored how the duration of the training period and the weekly time spent on each exercise type were associated with depressive symptoms.

methodsData from 19,112 participants in nationwide Korean cohorts were analyzed. Based on their participation in regular exercise, participants were divided into the following groups: “never-exercise,” “leisure-time walking (performing at usual pace),” and “structured exercise.” The structured exercise group was further classified into “aerobic exercise,” “resistance exercise,” and “sports.” The training period and weekly exercise time for each group were analyzed to determine the optimal training level of exercise associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms. Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate this risk.

resultsCompared with the never-exercise group, leisure-time walking, aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and sports were associated with 19%, 41%, 40%, and 46% lower risks of depressive symptoms, respectively. Furthermore, aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and sports were associated with 30%, 30%, and 41% reductions in risk, respectively, compared with leisure-time walking. When considering training levels, performing leisure-time walking, aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and sports for at least 150 min/week for at least one year was associated with a risk reduction of 31%, 48%, 45%, and 57%, respectively, compared with the never-exercise group. Across all exercise groups, engaging in ≥ 300 min/week was not associated with additional benefits.

conclusionsWhile leisure-time walking was associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms, structured exercise provided greater benefits. However, engaging in any form of exercise for at least 150 min/week for at least one year is recommended to reduce this risk.

Indexed as

DepressionDepressive symptomsExercisePopulation studyWalking

Identifiers

PMID41299742
PMCPMC12750729

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.