ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Enhancing Stallion Semen Cryopreservation: Selected Antioxidant Extracts and Sperm Freezability.
Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of Spirulina platensis extract (C-phycocyanin) supplementation to the semen extender on kinematic and oxidative parameters of Marwari stallions during freezing.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Article
- Antioxidant Activity of Stallion Spermatozoa After Cryopreservation with Natural Antioxidant-Supplemented Extenders.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Holotomography and Multivariate Analysis Reveal Donor-Specific Responses to Antioxidant Supplementation During Stallion Sperm Cryopreservation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cryopreservation of equine semen remains challenging due to pronounced individual variability in cryotolerance. Because freezing induces oxidative stress and spermatozoa are particularly susceptible to such damage, this study aimed to comparatively evaluate the effects of natural extracts from nutraceutical compounds with high antioxidant activity, specifically matcha, spirulina, and horseradish, as well as quercetin, a well-known antioxidant molecule. These compounds were added to the freezing extender, and semen from 12 Salernitano stallions (48 ejaculates in total) was analyzed. Several parameters were assessed, including sperm kinetics, bioenergetics, oxidative and nitrosative stress markers, and the sperm DNA fragmentation index, both before and after cryopreservation. Neither the natural extracts nor quercetin significantly improved sperm freezability, likely due to the high degree of inter-individual variability. Stallion age also had a significant effect on nearly all the parameters evaluated, although no significant interactions were observed between age and treatment for any of the sperm quality traits. In conclusion, supplementation of the freezing extender with matcha, spirulina, horseradish extracts, or quercetin did not significantly enhance stallion semen cryopreservation outcomes. Conversely, stallion age and individual variability had a marked effect on sperm cryotolerance, highlighting the need for customized and holistic strategies to optimize cryotolerance in individual stallions.
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Registered trials
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