Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41300520›Full record

ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Enhancing Stallion Semen Cryopreservation: Selected Antioxidant Extracts and Sperm Freezability.

Raffaele Boni, Raffaella Ruggiero, Felisia De Luca, Graziano Preziosi, Maria Antonietta Ferrara, Angela Ostuni, Simone Guerriero, Alessandra Gallo, Carola Murano, Stefano Cecchini Gualandi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Raffaele BoniDepartment of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5092-8374
Raffaella RuggieroDepartment of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
Felisia De LucaDepartment of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
Graziano PreziosiUnit of Naples, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, Italian National Research Council (ISASI-CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.ORCID 0009-0004-2906-8639
Maria Antonietta FerraraUnit of Naples, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, Italian National Research Council (ISASI-CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5291-1373
Angela OstuniDepartment of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5970-5097
Simone GuerrieroDepartment of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0009-0004-9457-9769
Alessandra GalloDepartment of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2558-4722
Carola MuranoDepartment of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4180-0410
Stefano Cecchini GualandiDepartment of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4177-1840

Funding

Ministero dell'università e della ricerca 2022ERKW4P CUP MASTER: C53D23005260006
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cryopreservation of equine semen remains challenging due to pronounced individual variability in cryotolerance. Because freezing induces oxidative stress and spermatozoa are particularly susceptible to such damage, this study aimed to comparatively evaluate the effects of natural extracts from nutraceutical compounds with high antioxidant activity, specifically matcha, spirulina, and horseradish, as well as quercetin, a well-known antioxidant molecule. These compounds were added to the freezing extender, and semen from 12 Salernitano stallions (48 ejaculates in total) was analyzed. Several parameters were assessed, including sperm kinetics, bioenergetics, oxidative and nitrosative stress markers, and the sperm DNA fragmentation index, both before and after cryopreservation. Neither the natural extracts nor quercetin significantly improved sperm freezability, likely due to the high degree of inter-individual variability. Stallion age also had a significant effect on nearly all the parameters evaluated, although no significant interactions were observed between age and treatment for any of the sperm quality traits. In conclusion, supplementation of the freezing extender with matcha, spirulina, horseradish extracts, or quercetin did not significantly enhance stallion semen cryopreservation outcomes. Conversely, stallion age and individual variability had a marked effect on sperm cryotolerance, highlighting the need for customized and holistic strategies to optimize cryotolerance in individual stallions.

Indexed as

antioxidant extractshorseradishmatchaquercetinsperm freezingspirulinastallion agestallion sperm

Identifiers

PMID41300520
PMCPMC12649543

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.