Evidence mapPaperPMID 41300987Full record

ArticleCancers2025

Association Between the Use of DPP4 Inhibitors and Metformin and the Risk of Cancer in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study Using the OMOP CDM Database.

Gyu Lee Kim, Yu Hyeon Yi, Jeong Gyu Lee, Young Jin Tak, Seung Hun Lee, Young Jin Ra, Byung Kwan Choi, Sang Yeoup Lee, Young Hye Cho, Eun Ju Park and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Gyu Lee KimDepartment of Family Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-2825-0629
Yu Hyeon YiDepartment of Family Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-1786-2737
Jeong Gyu LeeDepartment of Family Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-7160-0714
Young Jin TakDepartment of Family Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea.
Seung Hun LeeDepartment of Family Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea.
Young Jin RaDepartment of Family Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea.
Byung Kwan ChoiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea.
Sang Yeoup LeeDepartment of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-3585-9910
Young Hye ChoDepartment of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-2176-6227
Eun Ju ParkDepartment of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
Youngin LeeDepartment of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-0141-7484
Jung In ChoiDepartment of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-3832-3393
Sae Rom LeeDepartment of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-3736-3393
Ryuk Jun KwonDepartment of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-7757-7412
Soo Min SonDepartment of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-0165-7480

Funding

Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea 2024-02
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been linked to an increased risk of several cancers. However, the influence of metformin and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is) on the risk of cancers remains unclear. We investigated the association between using DPP4is and/or metformin and cancer risk compared with other glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs).

methodsThis retrospective multicenter cohort study was performed using 11 hospital databases standardized to the OMOP Common Data Model (CDM) within the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) network. T2DM patients using only DPP4is and/or metformin (DPP4is/Met group) were compared with those using other GLDs (other GLD group). From 413,344 eligible patients, propensity score (PS) 1:1 matching yielded 6674 patients in each group. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze cancer risk, and a random-effects meta-analysis was performed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs).

resultsThe DPP4is/Met group exhibited a significantly lower risk of incident cancer than the other GLD group (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.41-0.69). This association was consistent across all hospitals. Regarding cancer-specific distributions, the DPP4is/Met group showed lower proportions of breast and prostate cancers, whereas the other GLD group showed higher proportions of lower gastrointestinal cancers.

conclusionsIn this large multicenter study, using DPP4is and metformin showed a substantial association with a lower risk of cancer in T2DM patients relative to other GLDs. These findings suggest a potential protective effect of metformin and support the neutral-to-beneficial effect on cancer of DPP4is.

Indexed as

cancerDPP4 inhibitorsmetformintype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID41300987
PMCPMC12650375

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.