ArticleCancers2025
Caught in the Act: Tumor-Immune Interactions in Circulation of Patients with Immune Marker Positive Circulating Tumor Cells.
Article in Cancers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- OpenIMC: an open-source platform for analyzing single-cell and spatial proteomics by imaging mass cytometry.BMC bioinformatics · 2026Article
- OpenIMC: an open-source platform for analyzing single-cell and spatial proteomics by imaging mass cytometry.Research square · 2026Article
- Assessment of Imaging Mass Cytometry (IMC) as a Tool to Characterize Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) in Preclinical Mouse Models.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) and large extracellular vesicles (LEVs) are key components of the liquid biopsy that provide minimally invasive access to tumor biology. A clinically relevant subset of CTCs coexpressing epithelial and immune markers (im.CTCs) has been described, yet the origin of this phenotype remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the cellular and molecular context underlying the emergence of immune marker expression on CTCs and LEVs.
methodsUsing high-resolution immunofluorescence microscopy of patient-derived blood samples, we identified direct physical interactions between white blood cells (WBCs) and both im.CTCs and im.LEVs, exclusively in patients harboring im.CTCs.
resultsIn several cases, WBCs partially encapsulated CTCs and LEVs, and quantitative analysis revealed localized enrichment of immune membrane markers at the contact interface, distinguishing these events from random proximity. Proteomic profiling further identified CD4+ T cells as the predominant interacting immune cell type and confirmed the presence of CD45, CD3, and CD4 on the interacting CTCs and LEVs, matching their WBC counterparts.
conclusionThese findings support membrane transfer as a potential mechanism for the acquisition of immune markers by CTCs and LEVs and provide in vivo evidence of contact-dependent tumor-immune interactions in circulation with implications for immune modulation and clinical interpretation of the im.CTC phenotype.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.