ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2025
Environmental Exposure to the Common Trunk of Mammalian Appeasing Pheromone Modulates Social Behavior and Reduces Fight Wounds in Male Mice.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Aggression among group-housed male laboratory mice poses significant challenges for animal welfare and scientific outcomes. Semiochemicals, such as mammalian appeasing pheromones, have shown potential in modulating social behaviors in various species. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a synthetic Common Trunk (CT) of mammalian appeasing pheromone on social behavior, aggression, and welfare indicators in adult male mice. Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) male RjOrl:SWISS mice (8-12 weeks old) were housed in open-top cages and exposed via environmental passive diffusion to either a 2% synthetic CT pheromone formulation or a placebo (excipient only). Behavioral tests included the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) and the Resident-Intruder (RI) test. Clinical welfare assessments and hematobiochemical analyses were also performed. Behavioral testing revealed minimal differences between groups, except for-in animals exposed to the CT-significantly fewer unsupported rearings, both in number (
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