Evidence mapPaperPMID 41302688Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2025

Educational Technologies to Support Rational Antimicrobial Prescribing in Primary Healthcare: A Systematic Review.

Maria Karolayne de Araújo Pereira, Denise de Andrade, Ana Larissa Gomes Machado, Açucena Leal de Araújo, Priscila Rodrigues Moura de Carvalho, Maria Zélia de Araújo Madeira, Odinéa Maria Amorim Batista, Andréia Rodrigues Moura da Costa Valle

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Maria Karolayne de Araújo PereiraDepartamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-9915-6843
Denise de AndradeDepartamento de Enfermagem Geral e Especializada, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-060, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-3336-2695
Ana Larissa Gomes MachadoDepartamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-7937-6996
Açucena Leal de AraújoDepartamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA), Iguatu 63500-000, CE, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-0100-0147
Priscila Rodrigues Moura de CarvalhoSetor de ObstetríciaMaternidade Dona Evangelina Rosa (MDER), Teresina 64014-220, PI, Brazil.
Maria Zélia de Araújo MadeiraDepartamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil.
Odinéa Maria Amorim BatistaDepartamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-4975-2727
Andréia Rodrigues Moura da Costa ValleDepartamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-2706-0711

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAntimicrobial resistance is a global public health challenge that compromises patient safety and has gained particular relevance in primary healthcare, where the prescription of antimicrobials is frequent and often based on empirical knowledge. In this context, educational technologies emerge as strategies to strengthen professional training and promote rational antimicrobial use.

methodsA systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted, registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024504630) and guided by the PICOS framework. The search was carried out in 14 national and international databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and LILACS, with no restrictions on language or publication year.

resultsA total of 763 studies were identified, of which seven met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. The educational technologies reported comprised booklets, interactive seminars, workshops, training programs, online courses, and multifaceted interventions. Inter-rater agreement was substantial (κ = 0.823), although 85.7% of the studies presented a high risk of bias, mainly related to deviations from intended interventions.

conclusionsEducational technologies show potential to support appropriate antimicrobial prescribing and represent valuable tools in preventing antimicrobial resistance, although current evidence remains limited by methodological weaknesses.

Indexed as

Anti-Infective AgentsDrug PrescriptionsEducational TechnologyPrimary Health CareHumansAnti-Infective Agentseducational technologymicrobial drug resistanceprimary healthcare

Identifiers

PMID41302688
PMCPMC12652827

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.