ArticleToxics2025
From Euphoria to Cardiac Stress: Role of Oxidative Stress on the Cardiotoxicity of Methylone and 3,4-DMMC.
Article in Toxics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Synthetic cathinones (SCs), commonly referred to as "bath salts", are a class of novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) that elicit amphetamine-like effects and severe cardiovascular outcomes, including myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. Despite these risks, the mechanisms underlying SC-induced cardiotoxicity remain poorly studied. This study investigated the in vitro cardiotoxicity of two prevalent SCs-methylone and 3,4-dimethylmethcathinone (3,4-DMMC)-in H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts, focusing on oxidative stress and the potential protective role of antioxidants. Cells were exposed to methylone (0.01-4.0 mM) or 3,4-DMMC (0.0005-0.8 mM) for 24 and 48 h, and cytotoxicity was assessed by an MTT assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) were quantified by fluorescence, and antioxidant effects were evaluated using ascorbic acid, N-acetylcysteine, and Trolox. Both SCs caused concentration-dependent cytotoxicity, with 3,4-DMMC showing higher potency than methylone (IC
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