Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41305500›Full record

ArticleViruses2025

Spinal Cord Injury in Enterovirus D68 Infection: Mechanisms and Pathophysiology in a Mouse Model.

Wei Duan, Jichen Li, Ying Liu, Rui Wang, Qian Yang, Huijie Li, Yucai Liang, Qi Shi, Jiao Wang, Jinbo Xiao and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Wei DuanNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.ORCID 0009-0000-1480-4438
Jichen LiNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0660-8888
Ying LiuNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Rui WangNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Qian YangNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Huijie LiNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Yucai LiangNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Qi ShiNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Jiao WangNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Jinbo XiaoNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Jianfang ZhouNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.ORCID 0009-0009-6719-7155
Qiang SunNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.ORCID 0009-0002-4780-4826
Yong ZhangNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2692-5437

Funding

National Disease Control and Prevention Administration Public Health Talent Training Support Project - Zhang Yong GJJKJ-2024-ZYNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID) grant ZDGWNLJS25-36National Key Research and Development Program of China 2021YFC2302003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is a significant global pathogen associated with severe respiratory infections and acute flaccid myelitis in children. Currently, there are no vaccines or antiviral drugs available for EV-D68, and a robust model to elucidate the pathogenesis of EV-D68 and evaluate treatment methods is lacking. We developed a mouse-adapted EV-D68 strain that caused progressive limb paralysis after intramuscular inoculation in 7-day-old mice. Viral load analysis showed that the skeletal muscle and spinal cord had the highest titers and most severe injuries. RNA sequencing of the infected muscle, brain, spinal cord, and lung tissues revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with viral infection and pathogenesis. DEGs were significantly enriched in various pathways associated with antiviral immunity, interferon responses, and cytokine signaling. In the spinal cord, DEGs highlighted mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress as crucial contributors to neural damage. Flow cytometry analysis of spinal cord cells showed that EV-D68 activates the immune system, leading to systemic inflammation and significant increases in CD8

Indexed as

Enterovirus D, HumanEnterovirus InfectionsSpinal Cord InjuriesAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansMiceMyelitisSpinal CordViral Loadacute flaccid myelitisEnterovirus D68mitochondrial dysfunctionmouse modelRNA-seq

Identifiers

PMID41305500
PMCPMC12656879

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.