Evidence mapPaperPMID 41307691Full record

ArticleActa diabetologica2026

Influence of GLP1 receptor rs6923761 and rs761387 genetic variants on oral semaglutide response in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Riccardo Candido, Barbara Toffoli, Gabriele Baccichetto, Francesca Marchese, Silvia Carpenè, Sara Gaiotti, Bruno Fabris, Stella Bernardi

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Article in Acta diabetologica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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2citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Riccardo CandidoDepartment of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
Barbara ToffoliDepartment of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6854-5782
Gabriele BaccichettoDepartment of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
Francesca MarcheseDepartment of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
Silvia CarpenèDepartment of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
Sara GaiottiDepartment of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
Bruno FabrisDepartment of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5226-1833
Stella BernardiDepartment of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy. stella.bernardi@units.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7429-3075

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) has become one of the most promising ligand-receptor systems to target for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment. Over the last two decades, several GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been developed and semaglutide is the first and only GLP-1RA available as an oral formulation. GLP1R single nucleotide polymorphisms may affect GLP-1R response to oral semaglutide. Here we aimed to evaluate the impact of rs6923761 and rs761387 GLP1R polymorphisms on the response to oral semaglutide.

methodsThis is a retrospective cohort study including adult patients with T2DM who had been treated with oral semaglutide for at least one year. Patients were enrolled between November 2023 and April 2024, and then genotyped.

resultsWe selected 210 adult patients with a median age of 71 years. Their median BMI was 29.1 kg/m2, HbA1c was 7.2% (55 mmol/mol), duration of diabetes was 12 years. After a median follow-up of 18 months, oral semaglutide reduced HbA1c by −0.3% (−3 mmol/mol), BMI by −1.1 kg/m2, SBP by −5 mmHg, total cholesterol by -8 mg/dL, triglycerides by -6.5 mg/dL. In addition, a reduction of ACR by −44.02 mg/g was observed in patients with baseline ACR > 30 mg/g, along with a decrease of liver transaminases in patients with baseline levels ≥ 35 U/L. Multivariate linear regression did not show any significant association between rs6923761 or rs761387 GLP1R genotypes and changes in HbA1c, BMI, SBP and DBP.

conclusionsOur findings confirm the effectiveness of oral semaglutide in improving metabolic control and providing cardiorenal protection in different clinical scenarios. Conversely, they fail to show a clear benefit of GLP1R genotyping to guide treatment decisions, at least in patients with HbA1c < 7.5% (< 58 mmol/mol). Further studies are needed to confirm and extend our findings.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorGlucagon-Like PeptidesHypoglycemic AgentsPolymorphism, Single NucleotideAdministration, OralAgedBlood GlucoseFemaleGenotypeGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesBlood GlucoseGLP1R protein, humanGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsGlucagon-Like PeptidesGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic AgentsSemaglutideGLP1ROral semaglutidePolymorphismrs6923761rs761387Type 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41307691
PMCPMC12957030

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.