Evidence mapPaperPMID 41312341Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in neurology2025

Efficacy of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture on generalized anxiety disorder: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Hongzhan Jiang, Ruiqing Ma, Yaxin Huang, Xuejing Li, Yufang Hao

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hongzhan Jiang *School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Ruiqing Ma *School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Yaxin HuangSchool of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Xuejing LiSchool of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Yufang HaoSchool of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the specific efficacy of acupuncture compared to sham acupuncture in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), beyond nonspecific or placebo effects. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and EMBASE from inception to October 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing acupuncture with sham acupuncture in adults diagnosed with GAD were included. Primary outcome was the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), with secondary outcomes including Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), cortisol (CORT), and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Data were pooled using random- or fixed-effects models based on heterogeneity ( Results: Fourteen RCTs involving 968 participants were included. Acupuncture demonstrated significant reductions in HAMA [MD = -2.71, 95% CI (-4.17, -1.25), Conclusion: Acupuncture is more effective than sham acupuncture in alleviating anxiety symptoms and improving sleep and mood in patients with GAD, though effect sizes are modest and evidence certainty varies. These findings support acupuncture as a potential non-pharmacological option for GAD, yet further high-quality trials are needed to standardize protocols and clarify mechanisms.

Indexed as

acupuncturegeneralized anxiety disordermeta-analysisrandomized controlled trialssham acupuncture

Identifiers

PMID41312341
PMCPMC12646924

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.