Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41312816›Full record

ArticleInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2025

Effectiveness of the 2023 Autumn XBB.1.5 COVID-19 Booster During Summer 2024 in the EU/EEA: A VEBIS Electronic Health Record Network Study.

James Humphreys, Nathalie Nicolay, Toon Braeye, Izaak Van Evercooren, Christian Holm Hansen, Ida Rask Moustsen-Helms, Chiara Sacco, Massimo Fabiani, Jesús Castilla, Iván Martínez-Baz and 10 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

James HumphreysEpiconcept, Paris, France.
Nathalie NicolayVaccine Preventable Diseases and Immunisation, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Solna, Sweden.
Toon BraeyeSciensano, Elsene, Belgium.
Izaak Van EvercoorenSciensano, Elsene, Belgium.
Christian Holm HansenDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Ida Rask Moustsen-HelmsDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Chiara SaccoInfectious Diseases Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Massimo FabianiInfectious Diseases Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Jesús CastillaInstituto de Salud Pública de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.
Iván Martínez-BazInstituto de Salud Pública de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.
Ausenda MachadoDepartamento de Epidemiologia e Centro de Estudos de Vectores e Doenças Infecciosas Dr. Francisco Cambournac, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal.
Patricia SoaresDepartamento de Epidemiologia e Centro de Estudos de Vectores e Doenças Infecciosas Dr. Francisco Cambournac, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal.
Rickard LjungSwedish Medical Products Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.
Nicklas PihlströmSwedish Medical Products Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.
Esther KisslingEpiconcept, Paris, France.
Anthony NardoneEpiconcept, Paris, France.
Susana MongeDepartment of Communicable Diseases, National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Sabrina BacciVaccine Preventable Diseases and Immunisation, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Solna, Sweden.
Baltazar NunesEpiconcept, Paris, France.
VEBIS‐EHR working group

Funding

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) Implementing Framework Contract ECDC/2021/018 RS/2022/DTS/24104FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I.P. CEECINST/00049/2021/CP2817/CT0001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAfter a period of low SARS-CoV-2 activity, viral circulation increased in Europe from May 2024, driven by immune-evasive KP sublineages of the JN.1 variant. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the XBB.1.5 dose administered in autumn 2023 against COVID-19-related hospitalisations and deaths in individuals 65 years of age or older during this period.

methodsWe conducted a multi-country cohort study across six EU nations in the VEBIS-EHR network using linked electronic health records. VE against COVID-19-related hospitalisation and death during June-August 2024 was estimated using Cox regression in a two-stage analysis, adjusting for demographics, comorbidities and prior vaccination history.

resultsAmong individuals 65-79 and ≥ 80 years old, respectively, VE of the XBB.1.5 dose ≥ 6 months post administration was 13% (95% CI: -12% to 33%) and 7% (95% CI: -7% to 19%) against hospitalisation and 39% (95% CI: -7% to 65%) and 3% (95% CI: -23% to 23%) against deaths.

conclusionsXBB.1.5 vaccination provided minimal residual protection against severe COVID-19 outcomes among adults aged ≥ 65 years more than 6 months after vaccination, during the summer 2024 period of increased SARS-CoV-2 activity.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesImmunization, SecondarySARS-CoV-2Vaccine EfficacyAgedAged, 80 and overCohort StudiesElectronic Health RecordsEuropeFemaleHospitalizationHumansMaleSeasonsCOVID-19 VaccinesCOVID‐19electronic health recordsvaccine effectivenessXBB.1.5

Identifiers

PMID41312816
PMCPMC12981528

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.