ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2025
Cellular dynamics in cerebrospinal fluid unveils the key regulators of intracranial response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in NSCLC brain metastases.
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The neuro-immune-vascular landscape of lung cancer brain metastasis: insights from organoid models.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer: molecular subtypes and emerging CNS-directed precision therapies.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
30 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBrain metastases (BrM) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) present a significant challenge due to poor prognosis. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been standard treatments for NSCLC, their efficacy in BrM is variable, emphasizing the urgent need for predictive biomarkers and fundamental mechanisms.
methodsPatients with NSCLC and BrM planning to receive ICI therapy were enrolled in the prospective cohort, dynamic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples (n=20) were collected through lumbar puncture and used for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and BrM tumors were collected if they have the indications of surgery, with integrating scRNA-seq data from external database (total n=20). Three independent cohorts underwent flow cytometry (n=8), proteomics analysis (n=31), and multiplex immunohistochemistry (n=25) for validation.
resultsOur study provided a high-resolution atlas of cellular dynamics in the CSF and BrM during ICI therapy in patients with NSCLC and BrM. Notably, we identified a key immune cell subset, CD4
conclusionOur findings revealed critical insights into the immune landscape of NSCLC BrM under ICI therapy, highlighting CD4
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.