Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41315649›Full record

SynthesisScientific reports2025

The role of variables of aquatic training performed in the upright position in improving the lipid profile of adults: systematic review with meta-analysis and meta regression.

Rochelle Rocha Costa, Bruna Machado Barroso, Adriana Cristine Koch Buttelli, Alexandra Ferreira Vieira, Vitória de Mello Bones da Rocha, Thais Reichert, Rodrigo Sudatti Delevatti, Ana Carolina Kanitz, Luiz Fernando Martins Kruel

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Rochelle Rocha CostaPhysical Education Faculty, Universidade de Brasília, UnB Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília City, Federal District, 70910-900, Brazil. rochellerochacosta@msn.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0182-4936
Bruna Machado BarrosoSchool of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 750 Felizardo Street, Porto Alegre City, 90690-200, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1254-0042
Adriana Cristine Koch ButtelliSchool of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 750 Felizardo Street, Porto Alegre City, 90690-200, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6586-7807
Alexandra Ferreira VieiraSchool of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 750 Felizardo Street, Porto Alegre City, 90690-200, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1510-4799
Vitória de Mello Bones da RochaSchool of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 750 Felizardo Street, Porto Alegre City, 90690-200, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7960-2079
Thais ReichertSchool of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 750 Felizardo Street, Porto Alegre City, 90690-200, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2834-5046
Rodrigo Sudatti DelevattiDepartment: Physical Education Department, Sports Center, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Deputado Antônio Edu Vieira Street, Florianópolis City, 88040-900, Santa Catarina State, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1827-7799
Ana Carolina KanitzSchool of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 750 Felizardo Street, Porto Alegre City, 90690-200, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7112-3137
Luiz Fernando Martins KruelSchool of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 750 Felizardo Street, Porto Alegre City, 90690-200, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-3437

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of aquatic training (AT) on total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in adults, compared with control groups (CG), and to determine the possible moderators of the effect of AT on these outcomes. Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, and Scopus were searched until August 2025. Clinical trials comparing the effect of AT with a CG of adults that assessed blood concentrations of TC, TG, LDL, or HDL were included. A random-effects model was used, and effect sizes (ES) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals. Twenty-two studies (697 participants) were included. AT promoted reductions in TC (ES:-0.89), TG (ES:-0.64), and LDL (ES:-1.11) levels and an increase in HDL (ES: 0.53) compared to the CG. The type of training and the presence of progression in its prescription variables did not appear to influence the effects of AT on lipids and lipoproteins. Women exhibited greater reductions in LDL concentrations than mixed samples as a result of AT. Higher weekly frequencies promoted greater reductions in TC, TG, and LDL levels. AT improves the lipid profile in adults. Middle-aged adults tend to experience greater reductions in LDL levels than older individuals, and a longer weekly training frequency is associated with larger decreases in pro-atherogenic lipids and lipoproteins. The type of training, presence of progression, sex, and clinical status do not appear to limit the beneficial effects of AT, although women may achieve greater reductions in LDL than mixed samples. While TC, TG and LDL are more responsive to strength and combined training, HDL is more responsive to aerobic training. Systematic Review Registration Number CRD420160497.

Indexed as

ExerciseLipidsAdultCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedTriglyceridesCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLLipidsTriglyceridesCholesterolHDLLDLPrescriptionTriglyceridesWater-based exercise

Identifiers

PMID41315649
PMCPMC12754052

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.