Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41316063›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Data science and artificial intelligence for maternal, newborn and child health: scoping review and thematic analysis.

Joseph Akuze, Grieven P Otieno, Samson Yohannes Amare, Bancy Ngatia, Phillip Wanduru, Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou, Rornald Muhumuza Kananura, Agbessi Amouzou, Abiy Seifu Estifanos, Eric O Ohuma

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Joseph Akuze *Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8221-902X
Grieven P Otieno *Kenya Paediatric Research Consortium, Nairobi, Kenya.
Samson Yohannes AmareMekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Bancy NgatiaFaculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Phillip WanduruCentre of Excellence for Maternal Newborn and Child Health Research, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-2505
Fati Kirakoya-SamadoulougouCentre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
Rornald Muhumuza KananuraCentre of Excellence for Maternal Newborn and Child Health Research, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Agbessi AmouzouDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Abiy Seifu EstifanosCentre for Implementation Sciences (CIS), School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Eric O OhumaFaculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. eric.ohuma@lshtm.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3116-2593

Funding

Center for Global Health Studies at the Fogarty International Center, U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Grant No. INV-058418 and Wellcome Trust, Grant No. 228261/Z/23/ZWellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIn 2020, an estimated 287,000 women died in pregnancy or childbirth-related causes (70% in Africa), while 2.3 million newborns died in the first 28 days of life in 2022 (46% in Africa). The utility of data science and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in health has potential to contribute and accelerate innovation, improve data use for evidence-based decision making, and better planning for policy decision making.

aimTo map the current landscape of data science and artificial intelligence applications in maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) across Africa and identify gaps, challenges, and opportunities for future implementation.

methodsA scoping review was conducted following the Arksey and O'Malley framework across five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Ovid) and grey literature published before December 2023. Thematic analysis was conducted using previously published seven-domain framework to identify patterns in data science applications, challenges and opportunities. Additionally, projects within the maternal newborn and child health focus on the WHO's Digital Health Initiatives Atlas were reviewed.

resultsOf 11,320 articles screened, 52 articles from 31 African countries met inclusion criteria. Most studies (n = 34, 65.4%) were from Eastern Africa. Most studies were research projects (n = 28, 53.8%) and demographic health surveys (n = 22, 43.1%) rather than operational implementation government programmes. Key themes identified included infrastructure challenges, data quality issues, limited workforce capacity, and heavy reliance on external funding. The WHO's Digital Health Atlas revealed 659 data science initiatives across Africa with the earliest recorded in 2002. 316 (48%) projects were focussed on MNCH and were implemented in 44 African countries.

conclusionThe limited application of data science and artificial intelligence in MNCH at the national level highlights a significant gap in Africa. Our review found that 28 studies (53.8%) were research projects compared to operational implementations integrated into routine systems to inform policy. Main barriers include inadequate infrastructure, limited data stewardship capacity, and insufficient government commitment. Opportunities exist through Africa's youthful demographics, expanding mobile technology, and latecomer advantage in digital innovation.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceChild HealthData ScienceInfant HealthMaternal HealthAfricaChildFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornPregnancyAfricaArtificial intelligenceChild healthData scienceMaternal healthNewborn healthScoping review

Identifiers

PMID41316063
PMCPMC12838465

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.