Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41316208›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Excess of infection with SARS-CoV-2 during the first versus second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among patients with long COVID.

Charles Ouazana Vedrines, Clément Gouraud, Marc Scherlinger, Sabrina Betouche, Fabrice Carrat, Eric Caumes, Victor Pitron, Olivier Robineau, Jean Sibilia, Patricia Thoreux and 4 more

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In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Charles Ouazana VedrinesUniversité Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Inserm, INRAE, Paris, France. charles.ouazana-vedrines@aphp.fr.
Clément GouraudService de Psychiatrie de L'adulte, AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France.
Marc ScherlingerService de Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de Référence RESO-Lupus, Strasbourg, France.
Sabrina BetoucheUnité CASPer, AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France.
Fabrice CarratSorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre-Louis d'Epidémiologie Et de Santé Publique, Paris, France.
Eric CaumesService de Prise en Charge Ambulatoire Des Maladies Infectieuses, AP-HP, Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France.
Victor PitronUniversité Paris Cité, VIFASOM (Vigilance Fatigue Sommeil et Santé Publique), Paris, France.
Olivier RobineauSorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre-Louis d'Epidémiologie Et de Santé Publique, Paris, France.
Jean SibiliaService de Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de Référence RESO-Lupus, Strasbourg, France.
Patricia ThoreuxUniversité Paris Cité, Faculté de Santé, UFR de Médecine, Paris, France.
Kewei XiangUnité CASPer, AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France.
Brigitte Ranque *Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Inserm, INRAE, Paris, France.
Cédric Lemogne *Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Inserm, INRAE, Paris, France.
CASPer-COVID study group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPost-COVID-19 condition affects up to 10% of patients months after a COVID-19 episode. Population-based epidemiology suggests that self-reported long COVID in France might be more common among those infected during the first wave of the pandemic than the second one, supporting the role of contextual risk factors in symptom persistence in some patients. We aimed to examine whether this pattern could also be observed in a clinical setting, considering patients with well-characterized post-COVID-19 condition and the general population.

methodsIn a case-population study, we compared the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first wave (January 1 to May 11, 2020) versus the second wave, which involved the same historical variant (May 12, 2020 to January 15, 2021) between patients with post-COVID-19 condition assessed during a multidisciplinary day-hospital program and the general population. Binary logistic regression was used to compute odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for infection during the first versus the second wave.

resultsAmong 177 consecutive patients, the odds of reporting SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first versus the second wave were significantly higher than in the Paris area general population (OR [95% CI]: 1.74 [1.27–2.40]), p < 0.001). The results remained similar in sensitivity analyses considering the French general population (1.36 [1.02–1.88]).

conclusionsThese results further suggest the role of contextual factors in long COVID and the relevance of a biopsychosocial perspective.

Indexed as

COVID-19AdultAgedFemaleFranceHumansMaleMiddle AgedPandemicsParisPost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeRisk FactorsSARS-CoV-2Biopsychosocial modelLong COVIDMultidisciplinary carePersistent symptomsPost-COVID-19 conditionRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID41316208
PMCPMC12751431

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.