Evidence mapPaperPMID 41317235Full record

ArticleAdvances in therapy2026

Real-World Treatment Patterns in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer in Japan: A Retrospective Health Administrative Data Analysis.

Taketo Kawai, Fumiko Kiyonaga, Hirotaka Shibata, Yusuke Tanaka, Atsushi Saito

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Article in Advances in therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Taketo KawaiDepartment of Urology, International University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa Hospital, 6-1-14 Konodai, Ichikawa, Chiba, 272-0827, Japan. taketokawai@yahoo.co.jp.ORCID 0000-0002-7279-2874
Fumiko KiyonagaMedical Affairs, Astellas Pharma Inc, Tokyo, Japan.
Hirotaka ShibataQuantitative Sciences & Evidence Generation, Astellas Pharma Inc, Tokyo, Japan.
Yusuke TanakaQuantitative Sciences & Evidence Generation, Astellas Pharma Inc, Tokyo, Japan.
Atsushi SaitoMedical Affairs, Astellas Pharma Inc, Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionSince 2020, several androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) have been approved for use among patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) in Japan. To evaluate how these approvals may have changed the mCSPC treatment landscape in Japan, we analyzed treatment patterns and time to treatment discontinuation (TTD) since 2020 in patients with mCSPC.

methodsThis retrospective cohort study utilized data from the Medical Data Vision health administrative database between May 2020 and March 2024. Study endpoints were patient characteristics at baseline, first-line, and subsequent-line treatment patterns; TTD of first-line therapies; and TTD of first-line ARSIs. Patient characteristics were analyzed descriptively. Hazard ratios (HRs) for TTD between treatment classes were calculated using an inverse probability of treatment weight-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model.

resultsOverall, 8830 patients with mCSPC were identified. Treatment with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) plus ARSI increased during follow-up, while treatment with ADT plus nonsteroidal antiandrogens (NSAAs) decreased. Transition from first- to second-line therapy occurred in approximately 32% of patients. Patients who received first-line ADT plus ARSI had a lower risk of treatment discontinuation compared with patients who received first-line ADT alone (adjusted HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.59-0.65) or ADT plus NSAA (adjusted HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.48-0.52). Among ARSIs, ADT plus enzalutamide had the longest median TTD.

conclusionUse of ARSIs for mCSPC is increasing, but ADT alone and ADT plus NSAA are still frequently used. The longer treatment duration among patients who received ARSIs indicates that treatment intensification with ARSIs is vital for mCSPC disease control.

Indexed as

Androgen AntagonistsAndrogen Receptor AntagonistsProstatic Neoplasms, Castration-ResistantAgedAged, 80 and overHumansJapanMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm MetastasisRetrospective StudiesAndrogen AntagonistsAndrogen Receptor AntagonistsAndrogen receptor signaling inhibitorsMetastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancerTreatment discontinuationTreatment patterns

Identifiers

PMID41317235
PMCPMC12858562

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.