ArticleChemistry & biodiversity2026
Indenoquinoxaline-Based Spiro-Heterocycles: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, MEDT Study, and Dual Inhibition of Kinase-Related Enzymes EGFR and VEGFR2.
Article in Chemistry & biodiversity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A new series of spiro-heterocycles derived from pyrazole-indenoquinoxaline scaffolds 4a-n and 5a-m was designed and synthesized via one-pot multi-component reaction-based a [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction (32CA). The Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) has been used to theoretically study the 32CA reaction between azomethine ylide (AY) 6a and the electrophilic ethylene 1a. This 32CA reaction, which proceeds via a two-stage one-step mechanism, yields the spiro-cycloadduct 4a with high ortho/endo selectivity. The newly pyrazole-tethered indenoquinoxaline-based spiro-heterocycles 4a-n and 5a-m were evaluated for their anticancer activities against MCF-7 and HepG-2 cancer cell lines. These compounds were targeted as dual EGFR/VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors. Interestingly, 4l exhibited the most substantial inhibitory effect, with a potent effect on HepG2 cells (1.35 µM) and poor cytotoxicity on MCF-7 (≥50 µM). However, compound 4f displayed a unique antiproliferative potency on HepG2 cells (7.9 µM) and a promising cytotoxicity in MCF-7 (13.5 µM), compared to sorafenib with IC
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.