Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41318326›Full record

ReviewTrends in genetics : TIG2026

In silico genome transplants and the cis-regulatory basis of biodiversity.

Alexander L Starr, Michael E Palmer, Hunter B Fraser

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Trends in genetics : TIG, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Alexander L StarrDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Michael E PalmerDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Hunter B FraserDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address: hbfraser@stanford.edu.

Funding

Investigating human cis-regulatory evolution with hybrid iPS cellsR01HG012285 · NHGRI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI FRASER, HUNTER B · 2022 to 2025
$2.8M
The genetic basis of complex traits: from yeast to humansR35GM156526 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI FRASER, HUNTER B · 2025 to 2025
$2.1M
NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG012285NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM156526
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Transcriptional cis-regulation has emerged as the predominant force underlying the evolution of phenotypic diversity, yet our understanding of it is still rudimentary. While empirical comparative genomic approaches have been quite informative, they also suffer from numerous confounders and limited scalability. Here we propose using machine-learning-based methods that predict cis-regulatory activity from DNA sequence to perform in silico 'genome transplants' to predict cis-regulatory features as if the genome from one species had been transplanted into the nuclei of another species. Inference of natural selection from the resulting genome-wide catalogs of cis-regulatory divergence could be far more powerful, efficient, and widely applicable than current empirical approaches, enabling unprecedented insights into the genetic basis of biodiversity across the tree of life.

Indexed as

BiodiversityGenomeRegulatory Sequences, Nucleic AcidAnimalsComputer SimulationEvolution, MolecularGenomicsHumansMachine LearningSelection, Geneticchromatincis-regulationevolutiongene expressionmachine learningneural networktranscription

Identifiers

PMID41318326
PMCPMC13135712

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.