Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41318571›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Antimicrobial activity and antifungal mechanistic study of 3‑substituted oxindoles against Aspergillus niger.

Hend A A Ezelarab, Maisra M El-Bouseary, Ramadan Yahia, Rehab Mahmoud Abd El-Baky, Mohamed A Mawhoup, Eman Farouk Ahmed, Ghada M Sadiq, Taha F S Ali, Samar H Abbas, Heba A Hassan and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Frontiers in plant science · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Hend A A Ezelarab *Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
Maisra M El-Bouseary *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia, Egypt.
Ramadan YahiaMicrobiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Assiut, Assiut, 77771, Egypt.
Rehab Mahmoud Abd El-BakyMicrobiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt. rehab.mahmoud@mu.edu.eg.
Mohamed A MawhoupMicrobiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt.
Eman Farouk AhmedDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
Ghada M SadiqDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt.
Taha F S AliDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
Samar H AbbasDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt. samar_hafez@mu.edu.eg.
Heba A HassanDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
Eman A M BeshrDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt. eman_beshr@mu.edu.eg.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A series of 3-substituted oxindole derivatives 3a-j was synthesized. The target compounds 3a-j were investigated for their potential antibacterial and antifungal activities. S. aureus, MRSA, E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia, and E. coli were used for testing the antibacterial activity, while Candida albicans and Aspergillus spp, were used for antifungal activity of the tested compounds. Compounds 3i and 3j exhibited the strongest activity, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria. Antifungal activity was tested against Aspergillus spp. and Candida albicans using the agar diffusion method, with a final concentration of 10,000 µg/mL per well. Eight compounds inhibited Aspergillus spp., while only compound 3g was active against C. albicans. Compound 3f displayed the highest antifungal activity (inhibition zone = 20 mm) compared with itraconazole with a final concentration of 100 µg/mL per well (30 mm). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing confirmed compound 3f as the most potent antifungal, with an MIC of 7.5 µg/mL against Aspergillus niger, lower than that of clotrimazole (12.5 µg/mL). Further investigations showed that compound 3f exerted its effect by disrupting fungal cell wall integrity without binding ergosterol. Docking studies of compound 3f in the active sites of chitin deacetylase AngCDA (PDB ID: 7BLY) and the 1,3-β-glucan synthase (8JZN) enzymes proved its dual-target mechanism ability to inhibit the cell wall biosynthesis. These findings highlight compound 3f as a promising lead scaffold for the development of new antifungal agents targeting fungal cell wall biosynthesis.

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsAspergillus nigerIndolesOxindolesAnti-Bacterial AgentsCandida albicansCell WallMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMolecular Docking SimulationAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntifungal AgentsIndolesOxindoles1,3-Beta-glucan synthase3-Substituted oxindole, Antifungal activityAspergillus nigerChitin deacetylase AngCDA

Identifiers

PMID41318571
PMCPMC12672562

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.