Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41318832›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Intraarterial microbubble delivery enhances focused ultrasound induced blood brain barrier opening in the murine substantia nigra.

Hsun Li, Yung-Han Lee, Xiao Zen, Mei-Wei Huang, Chia-Wei Liu, En-Peng Ho, Chih-Hsin Ou-Yang, Han-I Lin, Chih-An Chen, Yu-Ya Chang and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Hsun Li *Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
Yung-Han Lee *Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Xiao ZenGraduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bio-informatics College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Mei-Wei HuangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chia-Wei LiuDepartment of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
En-Peng HoDepartment of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
Chih-Hsin Ou-YangDepartment of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
Han-I LinDepartment of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
Chih-An ChenCollege of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Yu-Ya ChangCollege of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Hao-Li LiuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. hlliu@ntu.edu.tw.
Chin-Hsien LinDepartment of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan. chlin@ntu.edu.tw.

Funding

National Health Research Institutes NHRI-EX114-11407NINational Science and Technology Council 113-2811-B-002 -031National Taiwan University Hospital 113-A-CC-5401-64841
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Focused ultrasound (FUS) combined with microbubbles facilitates blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening to enhance therapeutic delivery to the substantia nigra for Parkinson's disease treatment. While intravenous (IV) microbubble administration is commonly used, the efficacy of intra-arterial (IA) delivery remains unclear. This study compared IA versus IV administration of low (2.80 × 10⁸/kg) and high (1.12 × 10⁹/kg) microbubble doses for FUS-induced BBB opening in the murine substantia nigra. FUS was applied at a BBB-opening threshold (mechanical index: 0.42; 1 Hz; 60 s; 1% duty cycle; bregma - 3.16 mm). BBB permeability was assessed using Evans blue (EB) dye extravasation and IgG immunohistochemistry. EB staining of peripheral organs evaluated systemic off-target effects. At the low dose, Near-Infrared Fluorescence imaging on the LI-COR Odyssey system showed lower EB signals in the stomach and liver (both P = 0.01) in the IA group versus the IV low-dose MB group. Notably, high-dose IA administration led to greater IgG extravasation in deep brain regions, including thalamus (P = 0.002) and substantia nigra (P = 0.0001), and reduced off-target effects in the stomach (P = 0.004), lung (P = 0.04), liver (P = 0.004), and spleen (P = 0.02) compared to the IV high-dose group. IA delivery offers enhanced BBB opening but requires safety considerations.

Indexed as

Blood-Brain BarrierDrug Delivery SystemsMicrobubblesSubstantia NigraAnimalsImmunoglobulin GInjections, Intra-ArterialMaleMiceImmunoglobulin GBlood-brain barrierFocused ultrasoundSubstantia nigra

Identifiers

PMID41318832
PMCPMC12783843

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.