ArticleGlobal heart2025
Income-Based Inequalities in Five-Year Survival after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention among Formally Employed Adults in Colombia: A Nationwide Cohort Study.
Article in Global heart, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Myocardial revascularization by coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) lowers mortality, yet long-term outcomes may vary by socioeconomic status despite broadly similar access to care. Objective: To examine the association between income-measured in legal monthly minimum wages (MMW)-and five-year survival after revascularization in formally employed Colombians (2012-2018). Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using linked national administrative datasets. Income was grouped into quartiles at cohort entry. The primary outcome was five-year mortality. Analyses were stratified by procedure (CABG, PCI). Multivariable Cox models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs), controlling for age, sex, region, Charlson Comorbidity Index, recent acute myocardial infarction, valve surgery within 30 days, and pre-procedural cardiac rehabilitation (30 days). Socioeconomic gradients were summarized using the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) and the Slope Index of Inequality (SII; absolute difference per 100,000 patients). Results: Among 8,128 patients (mean age = 55.0 ± 9.3 years; 11.3% women), 2,131 underwent CABG and 5,997 underwent PCI. After CABG, five-year mortality was 13.2% in Q1 vs 7.8% in Q4 (p < 0.01); aHRs (vs Q1) were 0.60 (95% CI = 0.40-0.90) for Q2, 0.56 (0.38-0.84) for Q3, and 0.58 (0.38-0.88) for Q4 (all p ≤ 0.01). After PCI, mortality declined from 11.7% (Q1) to 6.5% (Q4) (p < 0.01); only Q4 remained significant after adjustment (aHR = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.49-0.82; p < 0.01). Inequality indices confirmed the gradient: for CABG, SII = 4.14 per 100,000 (95% CI = 3.30-4.98; p < 0.01) and RII = 1.97 (1.17-3.31; p = 0.01); for PCI, SII = 3.13 per 100,000 (2.74-3.52; p < 0.01) and RII = 1.81 (1.32-2.48; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Lower income is associated with worse five-year survival after myocardial revascularization, with larger absolute and relative inequalities after CABG than after PCI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.