ArticleMaterials today. Bio2025
Spermidine-encapsulated chondroitin sulfate methacryloyl hydrogel delivery system for remodeling bone homeostasis in rheumatoid arthritis.
Article in Materials today. Bio, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hydrogels as Local Structural-Protective Platforms in Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Evidence-Graded Review Across the Synovium-Cartilage-Bone Axis.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Wenyang Yishen Tongluo prescription synergizes with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to alleviate rheumatoid arthritis via inhibiting IL-6.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Spermine oxidase-DOX conjugates reshape tumor microenvironment via carbonyl stress to potentiate bladder cancer chemotherapy.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Injectable Mn-Icariin-functionalized silk fibroin/PEG hydrogels restore redox homeostasis and reprogram osteogenic-angiogenic coupling for diabetic bone regeneration.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent synovial inflammation, progressive cartilage degradation, and osteoclast-mediated bone erosion. While current systemic therapies alleviate inflammation, they often fail to prevent structural joint damage or promote local tissue regeneration. Herein, we developed a chondroitin sulfate methacryloyl (ChSMA) hydrogel-based delivery system encapsulating spermidine (SPD), a naturally occurring polyamine with emerging anti-inflammatory, senescence-attenuating, and chondroprotective properties, to achieve localized and sustained treatment of RA-related joint destruction. Using an RA-mimicking co-culture model comprising RA patient-derived synovial organoids and chondrocytes, we demonstrated that ChSMA@SPD effectively attenuated chondrocyte apoptosis and suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In addition, ChSMA@SPD significantly inhibited osteoclast differentiation
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Registered trials
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