Evidence mapPaperPMID 41323403Full record

ReviewFrontiers in reproductive health2025

Precision pharmacology in menopause: advances, challenges, and future innovations for personalized management.

Zhi-Qing Guo

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in reproductive health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Zhi-Qing GuoXiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Menopause, characterized by ovarian function cessation and estrogen decline, affects over a billion women globally, leading to vasomotor symptoms (VMS), genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), mood disturbances, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular risks. Pharmacological management is essential for symptom alleviation and long-term health, yet debates on hormone therapy risks necessitate personalized approaches. This review synthesizes recent advances in menopause pharmacology, evaluating hormonal therapies, non-hormonal alternatives, emerging options, challenges, and future directions. A systematic literature search, following PRISMA guidelines, was conducted via PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science (2015-2025) using keywords like "menopause pharmacological therapy," "hormone replacement risks," "non-hormonal VMS treatments," and "ovarian aging modulators." Two independent reviewers screened abstracts and full texts, including RCTs, meta-analyses, and expert consensuses focused on efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics, and mechanisms; exclusions applied to non-English or pre-2015 studies. Hormonal therapies (MHT/HRT), evolved from WHI trials, effectively reduce VMS by 70%-90% and preserve bone density via estrogen receptor modulation, with low-dose transdermal regimens minimizing VTE and breast cancer risks per NAMS/IMS guidelines. Non-hormonal options like SSRIs/SNRIs (40%-60% efficacy) and NK3R antagonists (fezolinetant, 50%-65% VMS reduction) suit contraindicated patients. Emerging therapies, including phytoestrogens, testosterone for libido, and ovarian aging modulators (e.g., AMH analogs), address unmet needs. Special populations (e.g., POI, cancer survivors) require tailored strategies, while challenges include access inequities and long-term data gaps. Advancements underscore precision pharmacology's shift to individualized, non-hormonal treatments. Future priorities: biomarker-guided personalization, AI-driven discovery, and novel delivery systems to enhance efficacy, reduce risks, and improve QoL for menopausal women.

Indexed as

emerging therapiesgenitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM)hormone replacement therapy (HRT)menopausenon-hormonal therapiesosteoporosisprecision medicinevasomotor symptoms (VMS)

Identifiers

PMID41323403
PMCPMC12657360

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.