SynthesisFrontiers in endocrinology2025
Life expectancy in individuals with type 1, type 2 diabetes and without diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Gene-Diet Interactions in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies and Clinical Trials.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Hyperglycemia- induced innate immune tolerance involves the metabolic and epigenetic rewiring in human alveolar macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of the study was to estimate and compare life expectancy among individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D) and without diabetes according to sex, geographical regions and study periods. Years of potential life lost (YPLL) was assessed as a secondary outcome. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched from inception to June 2025 for studies reporting life expectancy in individuals with T1D, T2D, and those without diabetes. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data. Life expectancy estimates were pooled using random-effects models with empirical Bayes estimation, and heterogeneity was quantified using the I² statistic and between-study variance (τ²). We calculated 95% confidence (CI) and prediction intervals (PI) and conducted subgroup analyses by sex and geographical region. Meta-regression assessed cohort year effects, using the median year when a range was reported, and publication bias was evaluated using Doi plots and the Luis Furuya-Kanamori (LFK) index. Twenty-three studies including 179 cohorts were identified, encompassing 65,271 individuals with T1D and over 139 million with T2D. Life expectancy was shortest among individuals with T1D: 65.12 years (95%CI: 59.51-70.72; PI: 41.22-88.98) in men and 68.26 years (95%CI: 63.01-73.51; PI: 47.26-89.23) in women. For T2D, life expectancy was 74.34 years (95%CI: 72.81-75.87; PI: 61.32-87.28) in men and 79.63 years (95%CI: 78.32-80.95; PI: 68.36-90.83) in women. By comparison, men and women without diabetes lived on average 79.56 years (95%CI: 77.98-81.15; PI: 75.81-83.46) and 84.46 years (95%CI: 83.38-85.54; PI: 81.54-87.47), respectively (all p<0.001). YPLL was 11.3 for men and 10.9 for women with T1D, and 7.0 and 6.2 for men and women with T2D, respectively. In conclusion, life expectancy remains substantially lower than in the non-diabetic population, particularly for T1D, although temporal improvements were observed. Our results highlight persistent disparities in longevity between diabetes types, sexes, and regions. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD420251074407.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.