Evidence mapPaperPMID 41323989Full record

ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2025

Protective role of the planetary health diet index against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: global and individual evidence.

Zhuo-Qi Liu, Ben-Gang Zhou, Jing-Wen Fang, Yue Yu, Xin Jiang, Xu-Yu Chen, Wen-Jun Wang, Xin-Yu Fu, Jian-Lei Xia, Bang-Jie Liu and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Zhuo-Qi LiuDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Ben-Gang ZhouDepartment of Gastroenterology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Jing-Wen FangDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Yue YuDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Xin JiangDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Xu-Yu ChenDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Wen-Jun WangDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Xin-Yu FuDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Jian-Lei XiaDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Bang-Jie LiuDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Tian-Ming GuoDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Min ZhangDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Yan-Bing DingDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The rising global epidemic of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), coupled with the urgent need for sustainable food systems, highlights the importance of dietary approaches that support both human well-being and environmental resilience. This research examined the correlation between compliance with the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) and MASLD. Methods: A multi-level analytical framework was adopted to investigate the association between the PHDI and MASLD. At the country level, we applied generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) to longitudinal data from the Global Dietary Database (GDD) and the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study (1990-2018) to assess dynamic temporal trends. For individual-level analyses, multivariable regression models were used with data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), adjusting for potential confounding variables. Results: From 1990 to 2018, PHDI scores exhibited variation across demographic subgroups. Progressive improvements were observed among older adults (≥ 75 years), urban residents, and higher-educated groups. Notably, women consistently demonstrated higher adherence than men. The GAMMs analysis indicated a non-linear association between country-level PHDI and incidence of MASLD, exhibiting a U-shaped partial effect curve. After adjusting for confounders, the protective association reached its maximum at a PHDI of 50.69. In contrast, individual-level analyses revealed a linear inverse relationship between PHDI and MASLD. Conclusion: This study integrated global and individual-level data to elucidate the association between PHDI and MASLD, revealing reduced adherence among specific sociodemographic groups. These findings underscored the necessity of targeted public health interventions and further longitudinal research to establish causal relationships and develop culturally adapted implementation strategies.

Indexed as

Global Burden of DiseaseGlobal Dietary Databasemetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseaseNational Health and Nutrition Examination Surveyplanetary health diet index

Identifiers

PMID41323989
PMCPMC12661568

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.