Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41324653›Full record

SynthesisCalcified tissue international2025

Global, Regional and National Estimates of Hip Fracture Burden Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in Adults Aged Over 40 from 1990 to 2021 and Projections to 2046.

Jing Li, Lin-Ke Shi, Xu-Hui Wu, Chuo Luo, Lin Tian, Shu-Ying Liu, Qin-Yi Wang, Zhi-Feng Sheng

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Calcified tissue international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jing LiHealth Management Center, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Intelligent Management of Chronic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Lin-Ke ShiHealth Management Center, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Intelligent Management of Chronic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Xu-Hui WuHealth Management Center, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Intelligent Management of Chronic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Chuo LuoHealth Management Center, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Intelligent Management of Chronic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Lin TianHealth Management Center, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Intelligent Management of Chronic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Shu-Ying LiuHealth Management Center, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Intelligent Management of Chronic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Qin-Yi WangHealth Management Center, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Intelligent Management of Chronic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. wqy9768@126.com.
Zhi-Feng ShengHealth Management Center, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Intelligent Management of Chronic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. shengzhifeng@csu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2308-3024

Funding

Bethune Charitable Foundation, BCF GX2021B04Central Subsidy for Prevention and Control of Major Infectious Diseases and HANS CARING Inc Central Subsidy for Prevention and Control of Major Infectious Diseases and HANS CARING IncDegree & Postgraduate Education Reform Project of Central South University 512190112Hunan Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Intelligent Management of Chronic Disease 2023SK4042Hunan Provincial Health High-level Talents Program, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University 2022ZZTS0947, 2023ZZTS0585Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China 2022JJ30828, 2023JJ30747National Natural Science Foundation of China 81870622Scientific Research Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission C202303067096
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) increases the risk of hip fracture, yet its global burden remains poorly quantified. This study assessed the association between T2D and hip fracture and estimated the worldwide T2D-attributable burden from 1990 to 2021, with projections to 2046. We updated a meta-analysis of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases to estimate the pooled risk ratio (RR) for hip fracture in adults aged ≥ 40 with T2D. Combining the pooled RR with T2D prevalence and hip fracture data from the Global Burden of Disease study, we calculated the T2D-attributable population attributable fraction (PAF) and burden. Age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), years lived with disability rate (ASYR), and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were assessed. Eleven studies (from 11,358 screened) indicated that T2D increased hip fracture risk by 34% (RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.17-1.54). In 2021, 4.70% (2.36-7.34) of incident hip fractures (≈950,200 cases) were attributable to T2D, over four times the 1990 estimate (≈200,180 cases). From 1990 to 2021, ASIR and ASYR rose globally, with the highest rates in high socio-demographic index (SDI) regions, particularly High-income North America. Women and older adults had higher burdens, though increases were faster in men. Projections suggest continued global ASIR (AAPC 0.50%) and ASYR (AAPC 0.07%) growth through 2046. T2D significantly contributes to the global hip fracture burden, especially in high-SDI regions. The persistent sex and age disparities underscore the need for targeted prevention strategies in high-risk populations.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Hip FracturesAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCost of IllnessFemaleGlobal HealthHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsDisease burdenHip fracturePopulation attributable fractionRisk ratioType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41324653

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.