Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41326666›Full record

Trial reportNature medicine2026

Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a phase 2b clinical trial.

Paul Edison, Grazia Daniela Femminella, Craig Ritchie, Joseph Nowell, Clive Holmes, Zuzana Walker, Basil Ridha, Sanara Raza, Nicholas R Livingston, Eleni Frangou and 36 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialClinical Trial, Phase IIMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nature medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01843075 (Evaluating the Effects of the Novel GLP-1 Analogue, Liraglutide, in Patients With Mild Alzheimer's Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01843075 phase2unknown statusnot on this map

Evaluating the Effects of the Novel GLP-1 Analogue, Liraglutide, in Patients With Mild Alzheimer's Disease (ELAD Study)

TypeinterventionalSponsorImperial College LondonRan2014 to 2019Enrolled204ConditionsAlzheimer's DiseaseArmsLiraglutide, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

46 authors.

Paul EdisonFaculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. paul.edison@imperial.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6551-2002
Grazia Daniela FemminellaFaculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Craig RitchieScottish Brain Sciences, Edinburgh, UK.
Joseph NowellFaculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Clive HolmesSouthern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Havant, UK.
Zuzana WalkerUniversity College London and Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Runwell, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7346-8200
Basil RidhaBrighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK.
Sanara RazaFaculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Nicholas R LivingstonFaculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Eleni FrangouMRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, UK.
Sharon LoveMRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, UK.
Gareth WilliamsKing's College London, London, UK.
Robert LawrenceSW London and St. George's Mental Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
Brady McfarlaneSouthern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Havant, UK.
Hilary ArcherNorth Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
Elizabeth CoulthardBristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Benjamin R UnderwoodDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3427-9487
Paul KorantengNorthamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Kettering, UK.
Salman KarimLancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK.
Carol BannisterKing's College London, London, UK.
Robert PerneczkyFaculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Aparna PrasannaBlack Country Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, West Bromwich, UK.
Kehinde JunaidNottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK.
Bernadette McGuinnessCentre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Ramin NilforooshanSurrey and Borders Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Leatherhead, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9801-183X
Ajay MacharouthuNHS Ayrshire and Arran, Crosshouse, UK.
Andrew DonaldsonNHS Lanarkshire, Glasgow, UK.
Simon ThackerDerbyshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK.
Gregor RussellBradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK.
Naghma Malik5 Boroughs Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Warrington, UK.
Vandana MateCornwall Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Redruth, UK.
Lucy KnightSomerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Bridgwater, UK.
Sajeev KshemendranSouth Staffordshire and Shropshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Stafford, UK.
Christian HolscherHenan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8159-3260
Anita MansouriUniversity of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Mae Chester-JonesUniversity of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jane HolmesUniversity of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Trisha TanFaculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5873-3432
Steve WilliamsKing's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4299-1941
Azhaar AshrafFaculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
David J BrooksFaculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
John HarrisonKing's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0225-4923
Rainer HinzUniversity of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7808-9207
George TadrosAston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
Anthony Peter PassmoreCentre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Clive BallardKing's College London, London, UK.

Funding

Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF) WNCN-P40813; WNCN-P62411
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonist and antidiabetic drug, has shown neuroprotective effects in animal models. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease syndrome. 'Evaluating liraglutide in Alzheimer's disease' (ELAD) is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial in 204 participants with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease syndrome with no diabetes. Participants received daily injections of liraglutide or placebo for 52 weeks. They underwent fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and detailed neuropsychometric evaluations. The primary outcome was a change in cerebral glucose metabolic rate. Secondary outcomes were safety and tolerability and cognitive changes. The primary outcome showed no significant differences in cerebral glucose metabolism (difference = -0.17; 95% confidence interval: -0.39 to 0.06; P = 0.14) between the two groups. The secondary outcome-score on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Executive domain (ADAS-Exec)-performed better in liraglutide-treated patients compared to placebo (0.15; 95% confidence interval: 0.03-0.28; unadjusted P = 0.01). No significant differences were observed in Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL) (-0.58; 95% confidence interval: -3.13 to 1.97; unadjusted P = 0.65) or Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SoB) (-0.06; 95% confidence interval: -0.57 to 0.44; unadjusted P = 0.81) scores. Liraglutide was generally safe and well tolerated in non-diabetic patients with Alzheimer's disease. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01843075 .

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseLiraglutideAgedAged, 80 and overBrainCognitionDouble-Blind MethodFemaleGlucagon-Like Peptide 1GlucoseHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedPositron-Emission TomographyTreatment OutcomeGlucagon-Like Peptide 1GlucoseLiraglutide

Identifiers

PMID41326666
PMCPMC12823385

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.