Observational studyCardiovascular diabetology2025
Impact of type 2 diabetes on the relationship between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure across ejection fraction: observational study from the Swedish heart failure and the Swedish National diabetes registries.
Observational study in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Real-world off-label apixaban dosing and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure and end-stage kidney disease.Medicine · 2026Article
- Prevalence and clinical correlates of diabetes in hospitalized heart failure patients: a retrospective study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with heart failure (HF). It is unclear whether type 2 diabetes (T2D), closely intertwined with both HF and CKD, modifies the association between cardiovascular outcomes and CKD in HF patients, and whether this association differs according to ejection fraction (EF).
methodsHF patients enrolled in the Swedish Heart Failure Registry from January 2017 to December 2021 were analyzed. Linkage with the National Diabetes Registry and other population registries provided extensive baseline information. Patients were stratified by T2D status and CKD stages, defined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR: <30, 30-44, 45-59, ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m
resultsOf 36,597 patients included, 8,053 (22%) had T2D, 23,562 (64.4%), 7122 (19.4%), 4477 (12.2%), 1436 (4.0%), were in the four eGFR categories (eGFR ≥ 60, 45-59, 30-44, and < 30 mL/min/1.73 m
conclusionsIn a contemporary HF cohort, decreased kidney function was associated with a progressively higher risk of HHF/CV death, and T2D was not a risk modifier. Renal protection should therefore be implemented in HF regardless of T2D.
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