ArticleAnnals of medicine2025
Global, regional, and national burden of pediatric intracerebral hemorrhage from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.
Article in Annals of medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Homocysteine, cysteine and methionine are associated with 90-day prognosis in intracerebral hemorrhage patients.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPediatric intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) represents a significant contributor to global mortality and disability among children, yet its long-term epidemiological patterns are underexplored.
methodsData on the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of pediatric ICH in individuals under 14 years of age were obtained from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. Analyses were conducted at the global, regional, and national scales.
resultsIn 2021, an estimated 67,781 new cases were identified globally (3.37 per 100,000), a 23% decline from 1990. In 2021, there were 540,195 prevalent cases (31.06 per 100,000), a 14.75% decrease from 1990. In 2021, ICH caused 10,556 deaths (0.52 per 100,000), a 71% reduction from 1990. In 2021, the total DALYs was 974,154 (48.42 per 100,000), a 70% reduction from 1990. At the country level, Sierra Leone had the greatest incidence rate, in contrast to the Russian Federation. Sierra Leone had the highest prevalence rate, while Lithuania had the lowest. The Lao People's Democratic Republic had the highest mortality rate, whereas Lithuania reported the lowest. Regarding DALYs, Sierra Leone ranked highest and Lithuania had the lowest. An inverse correlation was found between ICH burden and socio-demographic index (SDI), with significant differences across sex and age groups, notably affecting male children and infants under one year.
conclusionsDespite a decline in pediatric ICH burden in recent decades, it remains a major public health concern, particularly in low SDI regions and among vulnerable populations like male infants.
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