Evidence mapPaperPMID 41328243Full record

ArticleJournal of advanced veterinary and animal research2025

Relationship between oxidative stress and COVID-19 severity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mohammad Shah Alam, Mohammad Nazmol Hasan, Md Arman Sharif, Md Shahidul Islam, Md Mizanur Rahman, Rafee Shahrier, A B M Rubayet Bostami, Mousumi Saha, Md Sodrul Islam, K H M Nazmul Hussain Nazir

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Mohammad Shah AlamDepartment of Anatomy and Histology, Gazipur Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
Mohammad Nazmol HasanDepartment of Agricultural and Applied Statistics, Gazipur Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
Md Arman SharifDepartment of Anatomy and Histology, Gazipur Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
Md Shahidul IslamDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gazipur Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
Md Mizanur RahmanDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gazipur Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
Rafee ShahrierDepartment of Agricultural and Applied Statistics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
A B M Rubayet BostamiDepartment of Animal Science and Nutrition, Gazipur Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
Mousumi SahaDepartment of Surgery and Radiology, Gazipur Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
Md Sodrul IslamDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gazipur Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
K H M Nazmul Hussain NazirDepartment of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: COVID-19 is a complex disease in which the interaction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with target cells, activation of the immune system, and release of inflammatory cytokines are closely intertwined. Oxidative stress is associated with all of these events, which significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of COVID-19. This study aimed to analyze the relationship quantitatively between oxidative stress and the disease severity in hospitalized patients. Methodology: Articles measuring pro-oxidant and antioxidant markers in patients with COVID-19 were retrieved through the search engines ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Two authors independently extracted data using the data extraction tool, and a third arbitrator was consulted if consensus was not reached. Data were subjected to meta-analysis using the "meta" package of R programming for forests and the trim and fill method under a random-effects model based on standardized mean differences (SMDs). We tested for heterogeneity in effect size using the Results: Of the 3,103 articles screened, 17 met the inclusion criteria. When comparing control Conclusion: This meta-analysis revealed significantly higher levels of pro-oxidants (H₂O₂ and TOS) and lower levels of antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GSH, and thiols) in severe cases of COVID-19 compared to controls and mild cases, indicating that oxidative stress contributes to the severity of the disease. Assessing pro-oxidant and antioxidant stress markers may help assess disease severity for effective triage of COVID-19 patients. This information will be valuable for a broader discussion on the pathogenesis of COVID-19.

Indexed as

antioxidantsCOVID-19meta-analysisoxidative stressSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID41328243
PMCPMC12665307

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.