ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2026
Oral Microbiome Diversity Matters on Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Cessation in Chronic Hepatitis B.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03681132 (The Norwegian Nucleoside Analogue Stop Study), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Norwegian Nucleoside Analogue Stop Study: a Randomized Open-label Trial in HBeAg Negative Chronic Hepatitis B, Aiming at Achieving a Functional Cure.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWithdrawal of nucleos(t)ide analogue (NUC) therapy in hepatitis B e antigen (HbeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB) may lead to functional cure in a subset of patients. Although gut microbiota is known to influence both CHB progression and treatment outcomes, the oral microbiome in NUC cessation remains unexplored.
methodsThis longitudinal study explored the oral microbiome in patients with CHB on NUC therapy > 2 years having a planned NUC cessation. Oral microbiome composition was analyzed in 110 saliva samples across 7 time points from 18 HBeAg-negative patients with 36 months follow-up. Favorable outcome was defined as either HBsAg loss or decline of > 1 log10 or sustained off-therapy HBV DNA level < 2000 IU/mL during year 3. Hepatic flare was defined as alanine transaminase (ALT) > 80 U/L or 2 × baseline level.
resultsThe overall microbial composition remained stable during the study period. Patients with favorable outcome showed consistently higher alpha diversities (P < .001) from baseline, with lower intersample variations across all time points (P < .05), compared to unfavorable. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), ALT, and aspartate transaminase (AST) correlated inversely with several Prevotella taxa and specific pathways (Spearman ρ > -0.5, P < .01). Unfavorable outcome and high HBsAg level correlated with opportunistic taxa Haemophilus parainfluenzae and Porphyromonas catoniae. Random forest model incorporating validated microbial markers predicting favorable versus unfavorable outcome achieved higher predictive performance than clinical markers alone (area under curve, 0.79 vs 0.66).
conclusionsOur exploratory study suggests that oral microbiome profiling at NUC cessation in HBeAg-negative CHB could support prognostication of virological outcome. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT03681132.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.