Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41329614›Full record

SynthesisEndocrinology, diabetes & metabolism2026

Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) and Human Metabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Ali Jafari, Bahare ParsiNezhad, Minoo AhmadianMoghaddam, Motahareh Hasani, Niloufar Rasaei, Ali Saeedi-Boroujeni, Gholamreza Roshandel, Sima Besharat, Mahla Chambari, Alireza Alaghi

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ali JafariStudent Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7343-027X
Bahare ParsiNezhadStudent Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Minoo AhmadianMoghaddamStudent Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Lorestan, Iran.
Motahareh HasaniDepartment of Nutrition, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Niloufar RasaeiMicronutrient Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Ali Saeedi-BoroujeniDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
Gholamreza RoshandelGolestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jorjani Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5494-0722
Sima BesharatGolestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jorjani Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Mahla ChambariDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-6393
Alireza AlaghiSystematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9139-7909

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRhus coriaria L. (Anacardiaceae), known as Sumac, is a commonly used spice, which is rich in various classes of phytochemicals including flavonoids, tannins, polyphenolic compounds, organic acids, and may be beneficial for cardiovascular disease risk factors. This comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the impact of Sumac supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk factors, including anthropometric measures, glycemic profile, inflammatory markers, and lipid profile. Additionally, we explored the dose-response relationship and optimal duration of Sumac supplementation for its effects on cardiovascular risk factors.

methodsRelevant randomized clinical trials were identified through electronic database searches (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and EMBASE) up to March 2025. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was employed to evaluate study quality. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) in changes between intervention and placebo groups were calculated. A random-effects model, meta-regression, and non-linear modeling explored heterogeneity, dose-response relationships, and the overall impact of Sumac supplementation.

resultsFifteen trials, with interventions ranging from 4 to 12 weeks and involving 917 participants, were included. Sumac supplementation demonstrated significant improvements in glycemic and lipid profile. Conversely, no significant effects were observed on other cardiovascular risk factors.

conclusionsSumac supplementation improved lipid profile, and glycemic parameters suggesting potential benefits in addressing cardiovascular risk factors, despite no significant effects on inflammatory parameters.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDietary SupplementsPlant ExtractsRhusBlood GlucoseHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicBlood GlucosePlant Extractsanthropometric factorglycemic profilelipid profilemeta‐analysismetabolic factorsumac

Identifiers

PMID41329614
PMCPMC12671535

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.