ArticleJournal of internal medicine2026
New-onset autoimmune disease following SARS-CoV-2 infection and mRNA vaccination in Norway: A retrospective cohort study.
Article in Journal of internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The immunopathological spectrum of COVID-19: from cytokine storm to autoimmunity-a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Review
- Immune Dysregulation After COVID-19: Longitudinal Analysis up to 9 Months.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- New-onset autoimmune disease following SARS-CoV-2 infection and mRNA vaccination in Norway: A retrospective cohort study.Journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStudies suggest an increase in autoimmune diseases following SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or COVID-19-vaccination. We aimed to describe possible associations in Norway.
methodsWe used information from the emergency preparedness register for COVID-19, BeredtC19, for all residents aged 18-64 (N = 3,450,080). BeredtC19 includes data from mandatory nationwide registers on demographics, SARS-CoV-2 tests, deaths, vaccinations, and hospitalizations. Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for 30-day and 30-180 day risk windows.
findingsSARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with an increased risk of purpura, thrombocytopenia, and agranulocytosis within 30 days and 30-180 days. In the first 30 days, Bell's palsy and inflammatory arthritis were associated with infection, whereas 30-180 days postinfection showed an association with polyneuropathy. Vaccination was associated with an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and celiac disease, both in the first 30 days and 30-180 days postvaccination. Additionally, in the first 30 days postvaccination, we found associations with inflammatory arthritis and erythema nodosum, and between 30 and 180 days with arthralgia, agranulocytosis, and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). There was also a reduced risk of dermatopolymyositis 30-180 days postvaccination.
interpretationMost autoimmune disorders showed no significant association with SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination. Associations between vaccination and IBD and ADEM warrant further investigations, as these observations reflect associations and do not establish causality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.