Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41333733›Full record

ReviewVeterinary world2025

Experimental models of epilepsy: A comprehensive review of mechanisms, translational relevance, and future directions.

P J Jiji, Rajalakshmi Rai, Nayanatara Arun Kumar, Vandana Blossom, Mangala M Pai, Ashwin R Rai, Rajanigandha Vadgaonkar, S Dhanya Nayak

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Veterinary world, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

P J JijiDepartment of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Rajalakshmi RaiDepartment of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Nayanatara Arun KumarDepartment of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Vandana BlossomDepartment of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Mangala M PaiDepartment of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Ashwin R RaiDepartment of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Rajanigandha VadgaonkarDepartment of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
S Dhanya NayakDepartment of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, affecting millions worldwide. Experimental models play a crucial role in understanding the pathophysiology of seizures and in developing novel antiepileptic therapies. This review summarizes the major experimental models of epilepsy, including chemically induced, electrically induced, and genetic approaches. The strengths, limitations, and translational relevance of each model are discussed with particular emphasis on their applicability to human epilepsy subtypes, such as generalized tonic-clonic and temporal lobe epilepsy. Advances in neuroimaging, omics technologies, and artificial intelligence-based analytics are highlighted for their potential to enhance model accuracy and predictive validity. Ethical considerations, including the principles of replacement, reduction, and refinement, are also emphasized. By integrating classical models with emerging technologies, this review provides a comprehensive framework to guide future research aimed at improving therapeutic strategies and bridging the gap between pre-clinical and clinical epilepsy research.

Indexed as

animal modelsantiepileptic drugselectroencephalographyepilepsykainic acidkindlingpentylenetetrazolpilocarpinetranslational research

Identifiers

PMID41333733
PMCPMC12668758

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.