ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2026
Self-Efficacy as a Mediator Between Caregiver Burden, Health Literacy, and Contribution to Self-Care in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Predictors of Self-Care Behaviours Among Patients With Chronic Disease: A Multicountry Survey.Nursing research and practice · 2026Article
- The serial mediating role of self-esteem and health literacy in the relationship between self-efficacy and benefit finding among Chinese systemic lupus erythematosus patients.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeInformal caregivers play a critical role in supporting Self-Care behaviors in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the extent to which caregiver burden, health literacy, and Self-Efficacy predict their contribution to patient Self-Care remains unclear, and the potential mediating role of Self-Efficacy has not yet been established.
methodsA multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted across nine Italian IBD centers. Caregivers completed validated instruments assessing burden (Zarit Burden Interview, score range 0-88; higher scores indicate greater burden), health literacy (Single Item Literacy Screener, 1-5; scores > 2 indicate inadequate literacy), Self-Efficacy (CSE-CSC, standardized 0-100; higher scores indicate greater confidence), and caregiver contribution to Self-Care (CC-SC-CII, standardized 0-100 across maintenance, monitoring, and management; higher scores indicate greater contribution). Structural equation modelling explored direct and indirect associations among study variables.
resultsAmong 275 caregivers, the mean age was 51 years (SD = 13); 160 (58%) were female and 115 (42%) male. Mean contribution scores were 54.99 (SD = 25.62) for Self-Care Maintenance, 67.33 (SD = 32.28) for Self-Care Monitoring, and 56.18 (SD = 23.15) for Self-Care Management. Mean Self-Efficacy was 72.41 (SD = 18.42). Self-Efficacy significantly predicted Self-Care Monitoring (β = 0.34, p < 0.001) and Self-Care Management (β = 0.42, p < 0.001), while burden showed modest but significant associations across domains. Health literacy demonstrated no significant effects, and no mediation pathways were identified.
conclusionSelf-Efficacy emerged as a central determinant of caregiver contribution to patient Self-Care in IBD, particularly for Self-Care Monitoring and Self-Care Management behaviors. Interventions aimed at strengthening caregiver confidence and tailored to gender- and disease-specific needs may enhance the quality of caregiving and ultimately support better patient outcomes.
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