ArticleAsia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition2026
Predictors of carotenoid status in New Zealand children using carotenoid reflection score: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesOptically-assessed skin carotenoid status offers an objective measure of vegetable and fruit intake. Data from the Sodium and Potassium Intake (SNaK+) study was used to explore asso-ciations of carotenoid reflection scores with body size, annual household income, vegetable and fruit intake and potassium intake, and the relationship between carotenoid reflection score and 24-h urinary potassium in children. METHODS AND STUDY
designSeventy-five children (29 girls, 37 boys; 9 not stated) aged 8 to 13 years from five New Zealand primary schools were supported by the parents/caregivers to complete validated questions about their frequency of vegetable and fruit intake. Carotenoid reflection scores were measured using reflection spectroscopy and 24-h urine samples (n = 69) were collected. Differences by gender and age were tested using two-sample t-tests. Linear regression identified determinants of carotenoid reflection score.
resultsChildren's overall mean (standard deviation) carotenoid reflection score was 236 (91), with 51% having low scores (< 250). Younger boys (< 10 years) had higher carotenoid reflection scores than younger girls (mean difference (95% confidence interval); 74 (4, 144). Few (8%, n = 6) children met vegetable intake recommendations. Annual household income and fruit servings per day were predictive correlates of carote-noid reflection scores (R2 = 0.17, F(2.52) = 6.10, p <0.01). Twenty-four-hour urinary potassium did not correlate with carotenoid reflection score.
conclusionsThis study identified low household income and low fruit intake as drivers of low carotenoid status in children, emphasizing the need for targeted dietary interventions. A study is required to further explore the relationship between carotenoid reflection score and potassium excretion.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.