ArticleScientific reports2025
Distribution and antibiotic resistance patterns of airborne staphylococci in urban environments of Delhi, India.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Genomic and Phenotypic Classification of Staphylococcus Species Isolated From Delhi Air.Environmental microbiology reports · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
Airborne microbial contamination, especially involving antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), poses a growing public health concern in urban environments. This study explores the prevalence and diversity of staphylococci, including methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS), in bioaerosols from various urban settings in Delhi, India. Indoor and outdoor air samples showed significantly high staphylococcal loads far above the WHO's recommended limit of 1000 CFU/m³ for microbial exposure. Seasonal variations revealed a peak in airborne MRS during winter, while monsoon rains reduced outdoor bioaerosol contamination. Eight staphylococcal species were identified, with Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus arlettae being the most prevalent human- and animal-associated species, respectively. Notably, 73% of MRS isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR), showing resistance to macrolides, β-lactams, and other commonly used antibiotics. Genotypic analysis confirmed the presence of ARGs among airborne MRS encoding resistance for beta-lactam, trimethoprim, gentamicin, macrolides, chloramphenicol and lincosamides. Notably, with 14 out of 36 MDR isolates carrying the mecA gene encoding for methicillin resistance. This study emphasizes the potential health risks posed by airborne reservoirs of antibiotic resistance in urban environments and underscores the urgent need for comprehensive environmental AMR surveillance to develop effective mitigation strategies.
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