Observational studyJournal of global health2025
The effects of physical activity on diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes using automated vascular analysis: a cohort study.
Observational study in Journal of global health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03665090 (A Three-year Community-based Study in Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Three-year Community-based Study in Diabetes: The Shanghai Cohort Study of Diabetic Eye Disease
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Exercise and physical activity interventions in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Evidence regarding the association between physical activity (PA) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains inconsistent. Furthermore, its effects on retinal vessel diameters in type 2 diabetes are not well established. We aimed to investigate the relationship between PA, DR, and retinal vessel diameters, explore underlying mechanisms, and identify protective exercise regimens. Methods: We included patients with type 2 diabetes from the Shanghai Cohort Study of Diabetic Eye Disease. Retinal vessel diameters were measured using computer vision and deep learning. Anthropometric data were collected using standard methods, and PA data through interviews. In 2017, participants were categorised by their DR status. Those without DR were divided into active and inactive groups and followed for three years to assess the effect of PA. For statistical analyses, we used independent t-tests, χ Results: In the cross-sectional analysis, we analysed a sample of 42 992 individuals, with a mean age of 64.42 (standard deviation (SD) = 6.87) years. PA was associated with reduced odds of moderate and severe non-proliferative DR, and with wider retinal arterioles and venules. In the longitudinal cohort, we analysed 3669 individuals, with a mean age of 63.1 (SD = 6.65) years. PA was a protective factor against incident DR (hazard ratio = 0.812; 95% confidence interval = 0.679-0.971) and was associated with increased peripheral retinal arteriolar calibre and arterio-venous ratio. Conclusions: PA improved retinal vessel diameters and lowered DR incidence, highlighting the necessity for further research into the physiological mechanisms linking PA and DR. Promoting awareness and engagement in moderate/high-intensity exercise may enhance diabetes health management. Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03665090.
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