Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41343209›Full record

ArticleJAMA network open2025

Adverse Experiences, Protective Factors, and Obesity in Latinx and Hispanic Youths.

Victoria Goldman, Sevan Esaian, Miguel Ángel Rivas Fernández, Jonatan Ottino Gonzalez, Nicole Karcher, Jeffrey I Gold, Alaina P Vidmar, Shana Adise

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JAMA network open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Victoria GoldmanDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Sevan EsaianDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Miguel Ángel Rivas FernándezArea of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Department of Psychology, Sociology and Philosophy, University of León, León, Spain.
Jonatan Ottino GonzalezDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Nicole KarcherDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri.
Jeffrey I GoldDepartments of Anesthesiology, Pediatrics, and Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
Alaina P VidmarDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Shana AdiseDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Importance: Pediatric obesity rates are rising, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may contribute by promoting stress-induced weight gain. Few studies have examined the association of ACEs with body mass index (BMI) and youth-reported protective factors, particularly among Latinx and Hispanic youths, who face higher rates of ACEs and obesity. Objective: To evaluate the association of ACEs with BMI in a population-based cohort and determine whether youth-reported protective factors (eg, self-coping skills, caregiver or friend support, or overall support) moderate this association, with a focus on Latinx and Hispanic youths. Design, Setting, and Participants: This large, cross-sectional study of youths aged 11 to 12 years was conducted using year 2 data (July 2018 to March 2020) of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a prospective, 10-year longitudinal, 21-site dataset comprised of a population-cohort of US youths. Data were analyzed between August 2024 and March 2025. Exposures: Cumulative ACEs (12 categories) and youth-reported protective factors (4 categories). Main Outcome and Measures: The primary outcome was the ability of self-reported protective factors to moderate the hypothesized association of ACEs with BMI in Latinx and Hispanic youths. Linear mixed-effects models explored associations of ACEs, protective factors, and ethnicity (ie, Latinx and Hispanic or non-Hispanic) with BMI, while controlling for confounders (eg, sex, age, puberty, and socioeconomic status). Results: There were 5435 youths with available data at ages 11 to 12 years (1141 Latinx and Hispanic [21.0%]; 2636 female [48.5%]; mean [SD] age, 143.1 [7.6] months). Compared with non-Hispanic youths, Latinx and Hispanic youths had greater BMI (mean [SD], 22.1 [5.0] vs 20.3 [4.6]; P < .001) and more ACEs (mean [SD], 2.1 [1.7] vs 1.7 [1.7]; P < .001). Across all youths, ACEs were significantly associated with BMI, with a 0.431 BMI increase for every 1.7-point increase (1 SD) in ACE score. In Latinx and Hispanic youths only, self-coping (β = -0.74; 95% CI, -1.03 to -0.46; P < .001), caregiver support (β = -0.38; 95% CI, -0.66 to -0.11; P = .006), and overall protective score (β = -0.55; 95% CI, -0.61 to -0.06; P < .001) moderated the association of ACEs with BMI. Conclusions and Relevance: These findings highlight the clinical importance of early ACE screening to identify at-risk youths for targeted, trauma-informed weight management interventions, and gather support for the cultivation of resiliency-focused skills like self-coping and caregiver support. Pediatric obesity is a pressing public health issue, and these strategies hold potential to alter weight trajectories, which may improve health outcomes and reduce health disparities.

Indexed as

Adverse Childhood ExperiencesHispanic or LatinoPediatric ObesityAdolescentBody Mass IndexChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleProspective StudiesProtective FactorsUnited States

Identifiers

PMID41343209
PMCPMC12679330

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.