Evidence mapPaperPMID 41343532Full record

SynthesisPloS one2025

Pharmacologic neuroprotective agents for the treatment of perinatal asphyxia in low-income and lower-middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Victor Ayodeji Ayeni, Aisha Adam Abdullahi, Abdulmuminu Isah, Love Bukola Ayamolowo, Timothy Adeyemi, Motunrayo Adebukunola Oladimeji, Ufuoma Shalom Ahwinahwi, Vitalis Ikenna Chukwuike, Oluchukwu Perpetual Okeke, Olunike Rebecca Abodunrin and 2 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Victor Ayodeji AyeniDepartment of Paediatrics, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8626-7181
Aisha Adam AbdullahiDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Kano Independent Research Centre Trust (KIRCT), Kano State, Nigeria.
Abdulmuminu IsahDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria.
Love Bukola AyamolowoDepartment of Nursing Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Timothy AdeyemiDepartment of Physiotherapy, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria.
Motunrayo Adebukunola OladimejiDepartment of Anaesthesia, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos.
Ufuoma Shalom AhwinahwiDepartment of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.
Vitalis Ikenna ChukwuikeInternational Institute of Biomedical Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Research Unit, Department of Industrial and Medicinal Chemistry, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, Uburu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
Oluchukwu Perpetual OkekeNigerian Institute of Medical Research Foundation, Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria.
Olunike Rebecca AbodunrinDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Folahanmi Tomiwa AkinsoluLead City University, Department of Public Health, Ibadan, Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6782-9820
Olajide Odunayo SobandeNigerian Institute of Medical Research Foundation, Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9577-8330

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPerinatal asphyxia (PA) is a major contributor to neonatal mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental impairment, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the effectiveness of therapeutic hypothermia remains limited. Pharmacologic neuroprotective agents have shown potential as alternative treatments, but their efficacy in low-income and lower-middle-income countries (LILMICs) is not well established. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of pharmacologic interventions in neonates with PA in LILMICs.

methodsA systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Google Scholar was conducted for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2000 and 2024. Eligible studies compared pharmacologic neuroprotective agents with placebo or standard care, excluding therapeutic hypothermia, among neonates diagnosed with PA in LILMICs. Data on survival and neurodevelopmental outcomes were extracted and synthesized; meta-analyses were conducted where appropriate.

resultsTwelve RCTs involving 1,008 neonates were included. The majority (91.7%) of studies were conducted in Asia, with only one study from Africa. Magnesium sulphate was the most frequently evaluated agent (66.7% of studies), followed by melatonin, topiramate, erythropoietin, and citicoline. Melatonin was associated with improved survival, and all agents showed improved short-term neurological outcomes. Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3, 6, 12, and 19 months were generally favourable, though data remained limited.

conclusionPharmacologic neuroprotective agents show promise in improving survival and neurological outcomes in neonates with PA in LILMICs. However, more robust, multi-center RCTs are needed to confirm their efficacy and establish them as feasible alternatives to therapeutic hypothermia in these settings.

Indexed as

Asphyxia NeonatorumNeuroprotective AgentsDeveloping CountriesHumansInfant, NewbornMelatoninRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicMelatoninNeuroprotective Agents

Identifiers

PMID41343532
PMCPMC12677539

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.