Evidence mapPaperPMID 41345559Full record

ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2025

Development and validation of a multidimensional tool for baseline functional phenotyping in cardiac rehabilitation.

Binbin Huang, Qian Zhang, Yang Wang, Chao Liu, Hongwei Li, Deqiang Wang, Wei Li

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Binbin HuangSchool of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China.
Qian ZhangSchool of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China.
Yang WangDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256600, China.
Chao LiuDepartment of Sports Training, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, 301617, China.
Hongwei LiDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256600, China.
Deqiang WangDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256600, China. wdqbz@163.com.
Wei LiDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256600, China. yishengliwei@163.com.

Funding

Shenzhen Research Fund JCYJ20230807140414029
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFunctional recovery after cardiac events is heterogeneous, with up to 40% of patients showing limited improvement despite standardized rehabilitation. Current assessment tools demonstrate modest accuracy (~ 61%) and rarely capture the multidimensional aspects of functional status. This study aimed to develop and internally validate a pragmatic bedside functional stratification tool for patients entering cardiac rehabilitation.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 80 patients (mean age 72.7 ± 5.2 years, 65% male) at rehabilitation intake. Four routinely available parameters were assessed: age, six-minute walk test (6MWT), Timed Up and Go (TUG), and the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS). Each was categorized into four levels (0–3 points), yielding a composite score of 0–12. Patients were stratified as Low (0–3), Moderate (4–6), High (7–9), or Very High (10–12) functional impairment. Internal validation employed bootstrap resampling (n = 1000).

resultsFunctional capacity declined progressively across categories: 6MWT decreased from 364.3 ± 75.7 m (Low Impairment) to 185.2 ± 32.9 m (Very High Impairment), and TUG increased from 6.9 ± 1.0 s to 14.2 ± 2.8 s (all p < 0.001). The composite score correlated strongly with functional performance (r = − 0.75, p < 0.001) and demonstrated excellent discrimination (AUC 0.93, 95% CI 0.87–0.97), outperforming individual measures. Bootstrap validation confirmed stability.

conclusionsWe propose a simple, multidomain bedside score requiring ~ 25 min and no specialized equipment. This tool enables functional stratification at rehabilitation intake, supports personalized care, and facilitates matching rehabilitation pathways to baseline functional status. External validation is warranted.

Indexed as

Cardiac RehabilitationDisability EvaluationExercise ToleranceFunctional StatusGeriatric AssessmentHeart DiseasesAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMalePhenotypePredictive Value of TestsRecovery of FunctionCardiac rehabilitationExercise capacityFunctional stratificationHeart diseasePersonalized medicine

Identifiers

PMID41345559
PMCPMC12825265

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.