Evidence mapPaperPMID 41345719Full record

ArticlePerioperative medicine (London, England)2025

The relation between postoperative cognitive disorders and brain damage biomarkers after major urologic surgery: a prospective cohort study.

Emre Şentürk, Zerrin Sungur, Hayriye Şentürk Çiftçi, Metin İlteray Kıkılı, Mehmet Öner Şanlı, Demet Kıvanç, Emre Sertaç Bingül, Mert Canbaz, Rıfat Burak Ergül, Meltem Savran Karadeniz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Perioperative medicine (London, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Emre ŞentürkDepartment of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1333-6035
Zerrin SungurDepartment of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9805-8902
Hayriye Şentürk ÇiftçiDepartment of Medical Biology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3507-482X
Metin İlteray KıkılıDepartment of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5139-1457
Mehmet Öner ŞanlıDepartment of Urology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5801-6898
Demet KıvançDepartment of Medical Biology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-5709
Emre Sertaç BingülDepartment of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8662-5380
Mert CanbazDepartment of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3489-6944
Rıfat Burak ErgülDepartment of Urology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6262-9582
Meltem Savran KaradenizDepartment of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. savran@istanbul.edu.tr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5663-1026

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPostoperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) are highly prevalent among the elderly population. Identifying an ideal biomarker for postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) remains a significant challenge. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between these syndromes and various biomarkers, including S-100β, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1).

methodsThe study included patients aged 60 years and older who underwent surgery for primary urologic malignancies. POD was evaluated in the recovery room using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM). POCD was assessed preoperatively and at the first week (POCD1) and third month (POCD3) postoperatively using Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-III (ACE-III). Biomarker levels of S-100β, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

resultsA total of 54 patients completed the study. POD was diagnosed in 12 patients (22.2%), while POCD1 and POCD3 were identified in 17 (31.5%) patients and 12 (22.2%) patients respectively. The mean age of the participants was 73.8 ± 7.1 years. Preoperative levels of NSE were significantly higher in patients with POD compared to those without (p = 0.04). Additionally, preoperative and postoperative IL-6 levels, as well as preoperative and postoperative S-100β levels, were significantly elevated in patients with POCD1 compared to those without (p < 0.01, p = 0.01, p < 0.01, and p = 0.03, respectively). Furthermore, preoperative IL-6 and S-100β levels were higher in patients with POCD3 compared to those without (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03, respectively).

conclusionsIn major urologic oncologic surgeries among geriatric patients, IL-6 and S-100β were found to be associated with both POD and POCD, while NSE was specifically associated with POD.

Indexed as

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1)Interleukin-6 (IL-6)Neuron-specific enolase (NSE)Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD)Postoperative delirium (POD)S-100β

Identifiers

PMID41345719
PMCPMC12676895

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.