ArticleCell biochemistry and biophysics2026
Artemisia campestris Aqueous Extract Induces Myoblast Differentiation and Proliferation through AMPK and ERK1/2.
Article in Cell biochemistry and biophysics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Muscle wasting affect approximately 10–27% of community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and above. The use of natural plant extracts represents a promising herbal therapeutic approach. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Artemisia campestris (AC) whole-plant extract on the differentiation and proliferation of C2C12 cells. Myotube formation and proliferation were measured using muscle differentiation induction and MTT (3- (4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assays respectively. mRNA and protein expression levels were tested by qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. In addition, mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) assay and creatine kinase analysis were used to determine the mitochondrial respiratory activity and creatine kinase activity. AC extract induced myogenesis (myotube diameter reached 200.7 ± 49.18 μm at the concentration 25 µg/mL) along with cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Accordingly, the mRNA expression level of Myod1, Myog, and Mrf4 reached 5.6 ± 1.48, 5.4 ± 1.48, and 11.1 ± 2.06-folds concomitant with Ki67, Pcna, and Ccnd1 i.e., 1.7 ± 0.02, 1.46 ± 0.20, 3.0 ± 0.73-folds respectively. The phosphorylation of AMPK and ERK1/2 was stimulated higher than ± 2.5 fold at the highest concentration treatment by AC extract. Furthermore, mitochondrial OCR increased, whereas creatine kinase activity decreased following AC extract treatment. AC extract promotes myoblast differentiation and proliferation via AMPK and ERK1/2 activation.
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