ArticleEuropean radiology2026
The influence of vascular risk factors and aging on choroid plexus enlargement.
Article in European radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Modifiable Physiological Factors Associated With Human Glymphatic and Interstitial Fluid Dynamics-Related Measures: A Scoping Review.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesUsing a large elderly population cohort, we investigated the relationship between choroid plexus (CP) volume, a potential indicator of glymphatic system activity, and lifestyle-related vascular risk and protective factors, as well as age-related changes in CP volume. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis cross-sectional study included 2137 participants (median age, 70 years) who underwent 3-T MRI and vascular risk factor assessment. Factors included body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), total cholesterol, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), smoking (Brinkman Index), and physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire). Multiple regression analyses were conducted, adjusting for total intracranial volume (TIV), age, gender, and medication use.
resultsCP volume significantly increased with age (r = 0.351, p < 0.001). Among the vascular risk factors, only a higher Brinkman Index (smoking) was significantly associated with a larger CP volume in the overall analysis (β = 0.075, FDR-corrected p < 0.001). In sex-specific analyses, higher systolic blood pressure and an increased Brinkman Index were associated with larger CP volumes in males. In females, no vascular risk factors remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons. These factors explained only a small proportion of the variance in CP volume (R² = 0.013).
conclusionIn this large cohort of older adults, choroid plexus volume increases with age. Sex-specific analyses revealed that systolic blood pressure and smoking were significant risk factors in males, while no significant associations were found in females. However, these vascular factors explained only a small proportion of the variance in CP volume. KEY POINTS: Question How do lifestyle-related vascular risk factors like hypertension, smoking, and obesity affect choroid plexus volume, a potential indicator of glymphatic function? Findings In this elderly cohort, choroid plexus volume increased with age and was associated with smoking; males showed an additional significant association with higher blood pressure. Clinical relevance Understanding the sex-specific links between vascular risk factors and choroid plexus volume is crucial for developing targeted strategies to preserve glymphatic function and brain health in aging populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.