Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41348755›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Eye health in farmers: The impact of environmental and occupational factors.

Athkar Alawneh, Mohammad Fraiwan, Fidaa Almomani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Athkar AlawnehDepartment of Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Mohammad FraiwanFaculty of Computer and Information Technology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6352-5275
Fidaa AlmomaniDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Farmers face higher health risks due to constant exposure to environmental and occupational hazards. Prolonged sun exposure increases the risk of UV-related eye damage (e.g., cataracts and pterygium), and frequent contact with dust, pesticides, and airborne debris can lead to chronic eye irritation, infections, and long-term vision problems. The physical demands of farm work, along with limited access to protective eyewear and healthcare, further compound these risks, and make eye health a significant concern in agricultural communities. This cross-sectional study examines the prevalence of eye ailments among farmers, exploring the environmental, occupational, and demographic factors contributing to these conditions. Data were collected from 893 participants and analyzed using a descriptive-correlational methodology to identify associations affecting farmers' eye health. Individuals whose primary or secondary profession is agriculture reported a greater impact of climate on their eye health (p=0.003), while farmers experienced a more significant effect of agricultural activities on their vision (p=0.007), despite being more likely to use protective equipment. However, no meaningful correlation was found between farming and the prevalence of specific eye illnesses. These findings emphasize that farmers are particularly vulnerable to environmental and occupational factors that negatively impact the daily eye health. Despite their increased use of protective equipment, they still reported significant effects from climate conditions and agricultural activities. This suggests that current protective measures may be insufficient or. inconsistently used. While no direct correlation was found between farming and ipecific eye illnesses, the cumulative impact of environmental exposure on vision health remains a concern. Hence, there is a need for improved protective strategies, increased access to eye care, and targeted interventions to mitigate the occupational risks faced by farmers.

Indexed as

Eye DiseasesFarmersOccupational ExposureAdultAgedAgricultureCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID41348755
PMCPMC12680266

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.